 1
  

      - (1952-1962)      
  ,  ,  ,       
        1954          
     (5 )         
 2

.  
  
   
 3
  
 |  | |  |  | 
  |  |   | 
  ,        ,
  global.penguinrandomhouse.com  
    . .,
 ,   1,  ,
 122002, , 
   
      2004        
    2021    .  , 2004
 
1098765432
        ,       ,  
            
ISBN 9789353490102
 :   
 4
                  
                   
                  
        '         
www.penguin.co.in
FSC Paper from
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FBC C047271
This is a legitimate digitally printed version of the book and therefore might not
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 5
  
-
 6
 .................................................................................................................................... 7
 ............................................................................................................................... 9
 ................................................................................................................................... 10

1     ...................................................................................................... 71
2.-     ......................................................................................... 89
3.     .................................................................................................... 120
4............................................................................................................................. 140
5.  () ............................................................................................................ 162
6.  ......................................................................................................................... 174
7.   .................................................................................................................. 198
8.     .......................................................................................................... 211
9.      .................................................................................................. 221
10.  ;    -
   ............................................................ 239
11.    ..................................................................................................... 251
12.            ........................................... 270
13.  ,   ,      ..................................................................... 279
14.       .............................................................................. 292
15.  .................................................................................................................... 302
16.      .......................................................................................... 310
17.       ................................................................................... 318
18............................................................................................................................. 327
   ................................................................................................................... 358
 ......................................................................................................................... 359
 7

                
                  
-                 
  ,              
                 
                    ,
                
                
            
             ;   
          -   ,     
           ,   ,     
    ,    --     ,    
                  
                ,    
,            ,       
;      ,           
      ,       ,      
                 
          -        ,  
                 
                ,   ,  
         
,     - , 
   -    ,         ,    
           ,           
   ,   ,      ,   
,              - 
-             ,    
      -            
 8
          ,      ,   ;
 ,       -      
                ,  
      ,             
          ,      -
                 
          ,       
                ,  
           ,      
  ,        
             ,   
          ,    ;   
,                 
,                    
             ,      
              ,    
        -         -
   ,           ,      , 
    ,             
 

 9

         ,      
      ,           
 ,        ,     '
1
"         -    
       "
2
"       ,   '   ' (  
)              
  
     ,       - --   
          
  -      
  -       ,     ,    
     "
1
     ,
    
 -
   
2
            
 10

1.    
''              ,
                  ,  
  ,         '       
   '                ,
                 
   ,     ,          
'
3
               
          ,   ,  
                
            ,         
         ,         ,  
               
              
3
                   
            , '' (   
)  '' (   )            
   '    . ,  ,      
   
     ,             ' 
  '         "      ,   
          ,     -     
         ...   -      
                   
: "           ,        ,  
   ,                    
 " ( 1940      341            
 :                      
 ()                  ,
             
   
    ,       , ,
  
 11
               
        ;          
 ,  -               
   ,                
            ,     
    ;    ,      ,  ,  
     ,        '
4
  
  ,            ,
                ,
        ,         
    ,              
,            ;       
           
       ,    ,  
,  ()     ()     ,  
            ,        
 -                  
              
5
,    
          
-   
                 
                   ,
4
    : "            -
           -      
...           "   
    '   (1945)
5
  :
   
   
"      ,               
          "
 12
           
6
 ()   , 
 ()    (), -        
                 
             ?      ,   
              
 '
7
        ,     
       ,          
    ,            ,     
   ,                 , 
                ,   
               ,   
            '
8
   ,            -     ,
            ,    -
           ,    -
 ,       ,      ,  
     -           
-                   ,
           5/5      
      
2.   
6
4, 35
7
    :  
8
' '                   
                
    
   
     
 13
      ,      , 
                   -
                -  
   -      ,        
- '
9
               
               ,    
         23  40   
                700   
   
-     ,       
          ,    - - 
,    --    -     -
              - 200  
                   
            "   
 ,                
,        "
10
'         
          :     
,       
             
             "    
                
       ,         
         ,        ""   
             ,      
- -       
9
  ' ',  1, . 522-25
10
   (1908), . 389        "     , 
                     
     " *       ' (1920),  95 2.
 ,   (1939), . 12, 14
 14
                   
   -     ;         
-      ,             
                
        ,            
                  
                   
   ,       , '      
   
            ,     
  ,           '
11
3.  
            ,    
''          ()    
                  
         ,       
                 
                
                  
     ,           ,
                  
    ,        ,   
,                
                
      -          
,              ,      
     ,            , 
11
      -    ,       

   , . .    '     ' (1930)
 15
                
 ,        
   (  788-820)        
    ,         ,     
  I
12
                  
        -  -    ;  
      ,    ( )       
  ,                  
     - () ,         
      ,           ,   
       ,      ;       
      
             ,     
;    , ,            -   
            
                  ,
      
    -      , 
   '
13
 -'
14
        
        ,          
          
15
,     
12
         ,     ,   
 ,        ,           
    ,              
13
4,37; 4, 33
14
    ,      , 2, 11
       ,             
       :
"    "
15
    
 16
(-) '
16
   ,      ,     
-        
      ,      , 
(  1400)    ( )   
    
     ,          
 (   )         - 
          ''    
    ,         
   ,                  
  ,                  
         ,        
      -            ,
           ,       
    ,               
 (  )    ,          
                  
           ,    ,   ,
                   
                  
        ,            
     ,     ,  ,     
     
                ;  
    ,      ( )  ,      
  ()                , 
 , ' '      "   ";   ,      
     ,      ;   , 
          ;       
16
   ,       
  
 17
 ,               
   , ,             
       ()    ,   
    
              
        .        ,  
                
                 , 
      ()          ,  
                   
,      ,          
           
           ,     
   
          
  (  1199-1276 )     ''  '-' 
                   
              -     
     -     ,         
       ' '           
                  
  
17
'        -    
 (  1162)        ''   
           ,   '' 
     (),  ()   -        
             -
  
17
         -
 18
 (  1479)      ,     ,
            ,      
    ,       ,        
                 
   '
18
      ,          
            
             
            -    
    -     ,  -      
               
19
   ,
    ,    : "       ,     
          ;     "
20
   
   ''  ''     ,     
4.  
   ()           
      ,    -       ,  
          -,      
                
  
             
                
       ,             
                   
             
 ,   
18
  -
19
"    "
20
 ,       
(    : ' ' - )      ''
 19
  ,          ,     
      
 -  ,              
  ,              
 
21
     : "         , 
         ?         
   ?"
22
                
    ()                
  ,        ,    ()    
            
23
      ,
                   
    ,    ( ) "  ;          
  "
24
"           
 "
25
21
   : " ,       ,    " " 
    ,       -      ,
      ,       -  -   -
 -     -             
  ;                 ;
     
        "  :   
 ;   (1923), . 56-57             
,          ,            
 ,           :        
  ,        
,           ,
         ,      
22
2, 4, 12-14
23
'
-'    :
   
    
  ''    ' '  
24
 8       : "     " , 10,
1291          ,         
          ,    ,     
           : "       -
 20
               ',
  
26
'   ' '    ''
27
    
                  
 "            ,     "
28

            ()    -
   ''     ''   ;     
   *
29
             
                  ,  
                 
            ()  ,    
               - "
 ,       ,             
   "   , "  ,         ,   
   ,        ,     "
30
"  
                       
   -    
  "
25
  3, 8, 8   ,    ,        
"   ,    ,
  ;     ,    ,  (
  ) ,  ,     "   339, 21-38  "   " 
   '  '  ,     , "   ...
' -    "      : " 
 
        "     : "      
     , , , ;    ,   ,  ,   ; 
        ,     ,    ;    
,                    
" (,  -   6, 9)
26
2,25
27
13, 12; 13, 15-17
28
 5     2, 1, 6-8;  2, 14;   2, 37; 
 3, 17
29
  13, 15
30
     ,
 21
   ,        ?"
31
   
       "       -  ,   
        -            
          ,       "
32

"  ,   ;       ;    ,     
;    ;      "
33
, "     
                    
   ,     "
34
   ,  -     , 
           , ''   ,
     
35
                 
               ,    -
   '
36
       ,   
     ,       ,    
   , "       ,       
"          ,       ,   
 ;  -        '
37
 () 
 ()       ,         
  ,       ;        
,           ,    "
      
31
        ?
32
4, 1
33
4, 3
34
4, 20
35
 10, 121, 2 :     3, 1    : "    "
32, 39
36
    : "     --       " --
 (  )  19
37
 3, 1, 1-3    : "       ,  
   ;   -     .  -  - -  
       , "  , 14, 76
 22
    ,  ,           
   ,                ,   
 "
38
           ,      
          ,      , ,
,    
39
   :     
            ,    
           ,      
                
   ,     ;     ,       
       
40
               
     ,        ,     
 ,      ,      ,   
   ,       ,       
                
,
          ,  ,       
   ,           ,    ,
         ,      ,
                  
  ,               
38
    
    
39
    
   
    :
   
   
40
         3, 8, 12         
,            ,       
 
 23
   ,        ,  ,
      
         ,        
   ,         
        ,        
   ,                 
                  
          ,        
          ,          
                 
               
                  
   ()      ,     
            ,     
            
41
'    
    
42
           
43
                
   
     ,     
44
'     
 ()    ()
45
        
             ,
     ,      ,     
 ()           ,  
                
    ,            
    ,       ,  ,   , ,
41
18,61
42
9,42
43
7,22
44
    : "         ,      
    "
45
7,4-5
 24
           ,    
                       ,
 ,                  , 
     ,       ,      
 ,               ,  
   ,      -           
    ,  -           

        ,       
,   - 
46
   ,        
               
    : "     :           
  "
47
     
48
   ,       ,   
,               - ,
   
      ,     ,  
            ,     
     ,            
46
 ()   :           ,     
    : "          "   , :
              
47
10,1, 6           : "    
                   
  " , 12, 341,41
48
             ,   '--'  (.
52)         ,          ,  ,
 ''     ,              
      ,      
     , 6, 34
 25
        ,  ,     
          ;         
    
49
             ,    
         ,         ! 
   ( )           ,  -
                  
            ,        ,
   

   ,        
  ,           ,       
                 
         ,       
50
 
           ,     
51
  
  
    , 
         
              ,      , 
 ,     ,       
5.
49
       ,       ,       , 
     ,     ...  , ,  , 
,  ,   
,  ,  
    ; "   ,    ;         
 "
   
     
"         "
   ,  
'  : "   ,      ;   ,    ;   , 
   ,     ;  (  )    ,      ;
  ,     "    ,     ,  
  ,    ,    ,      ,
19,9
50
9, 6, 10
51
10, 41 - 42
 26
       ,           
              ,   
               
              
        
52
     , 

53
 ,               , 
     , , ,        

54
,        "            
               : '  () ;
 () ;     () '
55
        
        
          ,         
           
56
     
                 
-                
         ,         - 
         ,         
 '
57
       ,          
     
58
    ,        
               
59
 
 ,                  
52
3, 17, 6
53
30,6
54
      , 16, 1-3
55
   : 8, 11-13            
,          30,9
56
4, 3, 98
57
"    ,                 
   " , 4004
58
3, 32; 9, 11; 18, 67
59
  -        -      

 27
            ,     

60
-      -        
'' (-  )     -     ,  
   -          ( 
320)         ()     ,    
  ()   ()         
 (- 180)     (  )      , 
-    ,       -      
,               
        4, 3, 98 ,      
'  ,             
    ,                 ,
       ,             
  
  '
61
      "      
     
  
62
"   ,         , 
   
                
        
63
       "  
          ,           
     "
64
   () 
           ,        
  ,          ,     
-    ,
65
          
        ,             
60
                9, 9, 50  
  ''                ,   
           '  
61
4, 1, 3
62
, 348,51-52
63
   346, 10
64

      , 348,8
65
12, 1  
 28
           ,        
   ,            
 ?
          ?    
               
 ,          ,       
                   
4, 26    : "  ,         

        ..."   (3)       :
"  :    :             
    ,         ;      
   "
66
     : ",     ,   ,
               "
67
  
       ,    -        
                
        ,         
       ,     -     
             ,        
    ;           ,    
66
       : "      ,     ,   
       -           ' ',  
            '  ,  '   ( 
 )    , '    ,     ,    "
67
4, 101     -,              
                  ,
          ,   : " ,  ,  
   ?" ( 15, 34 )             " 
 " : ( 14, 28) "     ?         " ( 18, 19
) "           ;       ;  ;
  " ( 13, 32 ) ",         " ( 23, 46 )   
    ,            - 
                    
     "    " ( 10, 30)
 29
               ,       ,
     ,      
             ,   
    ,              -  
        ,           
               
    -         
-        ,    ,    
              
         ,     -     
    -    ;         
                     
      ,    -       
        -           '
68
              
    
     ,        
        
               
          ,         
         ,       ,    
      
69
           
          ,         
68
10. 37
69
    :        
          

  ' '              
     ''         "    
  ,"     -       
    , "      , 
     , 
     ,      ,        , " 
          "        " '  ' 
'      '  
 30
                ,  

70
         ,       
                
- ,      -        
           ,     
   -         ,    
       ,           
 ,    ()            
            -   
      ',        , , 
     -  ,      , 
    ,            
    ,     , ,       
  ,               
 ,        .       
                 
                
          ,           
                     
       -        ,    
               ;    
       ;  -          
       '
71
          
70
   :              
   ;            ,    
    "   (1888  ) , 2, . 234
71
 
   
 
   
  
 

   
 31
                 
        ,      
              ''  
,       ,   ,       , 
   ()         ,      
,    
          ,     
        ,  ,      
 ;                 , 
               
                 -
            ,     
                   
         
            
      ,           
     ,    -        
   ,      ,       
        ,        
          
                 
                     
        ,         
        -  ,      ,
                   ,
      ,          
                 
   -                
    
-, 29, 32-34
 32
 ;          ,        ,
  -            
       -       ,  - 
      ,            
       ,         
  '
72
, "  ,       , -   -
      ,          "
73

                  
                 ,  
           -     ()  
           
                
74
,
              ,     
    
     ,    
  
                  
    ;         
   
         ,         
                 
     ,       ,        
                 
72
   ,    ...
      -  11.23       
 
,   : "                 
 ,            "    
-  
       ()    ,   
    ,   -    ,         ,
                  
                      
 :   -   
73
10, 20; 18, 61
74
       ,  
 33
          ,      
  
75
             ,     
,   (  )         , 
           , ,  
   ,               
               ,   
  ,   ,
76
-      ,     
        "   ;     ;  
 ,   , 
   ,      ,     "
       ,            
   ,     ,        
       ,           
       ,           
75
                  ,
  ()        ,        
    ,     ()          
      ,   ,           
        ,      ,  
               ,     -
           :
   
   ,
       
      ;
   
     ;
     
    
76
  :
      
      ,                
 
 34
          ;      
 ,                   
     ,       
  "
77
6.       
         (   

   ) ,       ,         
                
             
 ,    
 ,                ,   
               
  ''            ()
     ()      ,        
  '
78
           
             ()     
 ,            ?    
     ,       
                - ,
    ,    - ,         
             -     
             ,    
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   : "            
 
;          (    ),    
 ,                      , 
   ;              ;  
               ,      " 
                - , 
             
     : "        ,    
     ,             
"  :  (1944), . 65-66
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 
 35
 -         ,         
       ,      ,  
      ;         
  -        ,     
      ,   -        
 ,                    
                 
               
               
  
      ;          ,  
 -              - 
          -  , , 
     ,      ,     
 ,   ''  ''    ,     
 '', ,    - ,        
    ,     (-)     
          
                ,
            ,     
  ,               
            ,      
                  
    
          
      ,        
             
, 
              , 
     .      ,     , 
 36
      
79
  ()    ()   
            ,        
 ,       ,           
       ,     
  ? ,  ' '   (-)      ?  
                   ? 
,  ,     ,              
,                 -
  
,       ?        -     
            ;      
   ,                  
                  
 ,      ,  
    , ,
            
      ,        
        -      ,   ,
  '' ()       -       
          ,       
 ,        
     ()    ,  -  
      ()    
80
'    ,    
              ,   
               
   -              
79
   ,     '  '     ,     
   
80
     "   ,           
                    ,   
     ,     "    , 2; 1, 14
 37
 ,     , 
81
,     ''    ,
   - ,          -      
 ,       ,        
       ,          ,  
   
-                
    ,          "
82
    
                 
               ,  
-         -    ,    
           -    
          ( )      
                  
                ,  
                 
83
-                  
        -         
            -    ,  
       ,          
81
4, 61 "             "    
   10, 29,      ,     
                 
  , 2, 1, 33               
       4.3
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7, 13     : "             
   ,        " 2, 1, 22     : " ,  
,   ,                ,  
 "
      
   
- 339, 44
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, 4, 1
 38
    '        '          
          
84
          ,  ''      
,          (1)       
  ,           ,      
   ''        ,         
            ,     
   ,         (2)         
                 
       '
85
   ,     
             ; - 
           ,   
86
 
       
87
(3)       ,  
,           ,       
(  )    *
88
(4) :        , 
       ,             (5)
            ,     
 
89
     ,         
                   
              ,    
 ,   ,    ,  -
      ,
               '
90
(6) 
     -            
  ,   - , -     ,    
84
7, 14;     16
85
9, 19
86
  , 2, 13  15;  , 4, 10
87
18,61; 4,6
88
4, 16
89
7, 25  14
90
      ,          ,   
               ,       
        ,            :
 , 1, 15-17,      
 39
              
             ()    
91
7.  
 ()  , ,          
                   
  ,               
      
92
' (),  (),  (),  ()  
 ()                
        -         
          ,         
 ,              , 
        -     ,     
                    
   ,              
                
               ; 
               
                
 ,   ,        -    , 
 
    ,    ,       -
                  ,  
      ,    ;       ,  
       
         ,        
,         ,   ,     
,              ,    
               
91
2, 45; 7, 28; 9, 33
92
   
 40
                  
   ,                
                 
                 
       -  
       
           -      
 ,    ,             
          ,      
                   ,
                
                
                   
              
  ,                
                 
,   ,               
                 
 -        ;          
                
               
              ,   
             -    
           ,    
      
      ;     ,   ,
      ,      ,      
  ,                ,  
    ,             
             ,     
                -
    ,          --
 41
   
93
            
    ,              , -
      ,     ,   , 
,  -              
,            ,       , 
  -       ;       ,   
               , 
-               
 ,       ;             
                
   ,               
  
     ,   -     ,     
 ,               
          ,        
 ,                
             ,     
                
         ,        ,
       ,             ,
                   
 
       
         
,    
-         ,      ;  
          ,        
    -  ,         
      ,    
      
       ,    ,       
93
15,71           -, ,  , , ,  
 42
 '
94
                  ,
  
95
                  
             
    (-)  ,    , ,
,                 , 
                  
-      ,          ,   
            -  -   
                   , 
      ,             
                  
    ,             
       ,     , ,      
,                   
,                  
     ,            , ' 
      '            ,
    -   ,         
                   
  ,     ;     ,  -
                  
   ,             ,   
()                 
        ,          
  ,     ,        
          ,      
        ;    ,    
       -        
  -   :     - ,    
,                
94
  - 
95
18,63
 43
               
96
  
                  ,
     ,            
                 
          ,          
                   
          ,      
     ,        - 
,  ,    
              
 -        
     
     ,         -
    ,             
                 
  ,               
  ,  -       ,        
             ,     
   , '        "
97
       
       ,         ,  
    ,    - ()      
      -          
        ()       
     ,        ,       , 
       
              ,   
                     - 
    ,      ;    ;     
;      
98
        
96
 7,5
97
3, 37; 6, 5-6
98
18, 14
 44
 ,    ,             
                    , 
     ,       ,     ,  
           
      
  ,         ,          
                    
  ,               
   ,             
   ,        , , , -    
                 
                  
                     
         ,           
                
   
                      
                 , 
             -   
         
       
,             ,   
   ,               
       ;            
          ,      
                , 
                    
  

              
          ,           
        -,         , 
 ,             ,        
          ,           , 
       ,       
   
                 
 45
  ,              
               
                
                 
,              ,     
         ,        -  
   ,                
     ''           ''  
         ,        
           ,        
   100
99
           
8. 
             
                 
            ,
  -                 ,
       ,          
       ,    
 ,        
 ,                 

           ,    
              
 ()    ,      ()   
  ''    ,          -  
    ,       '
100
   
            ''  
        -       
              
99
14, 21
100
       : ()    , ()    , () 
  
 46
    -    ,  ,   
  ;               
        ,          
 -                ,
     ;     ,      
         ,       
                
          ,     
        ,   .   ,      
                  
() ;        ,   ,         
                ,    
              
        ,         
            ;     
               
    --    , (        ) 
 
     ,     ;         
;   ,       ,           
     , ,          ,  
      ,            , 
   - 
,  -     ,       
 -          ,      
     ,    ,         ,  
            -  -
 '
101
      
101
"       ,   ;          ; 
                      
         ,            -
           ,        ,      
" -  ,   
 47
9.     
       ?       
                   ,
              
 , 
                   
               
                
  ,    (-)          
                  
    ,   ,
102
         
         ,            
    ,        ?  
      
 
                 
- , ,     
             ,  
               
                
  '
103
               
           ;      ,
       ;      
104
    ,              
             ;    
         ,       
  ,           -     
,         ,       
  ,     ,       , 
102
, 2, 10
103
4,39
104
2, 44
 48
  -       
105
   ,    
    ;    , "   ,    
-
   "
        -        ,
                    
 ,           -       
  ,       
106
        , "
              "  -
              ,      
   ,    
107
10. 
        ,            
                 
 ()             - , 
             : ,   
                 ,   
     -  ,   ,  ,   
       ,      ,     
  ,       ;         , 
    ,   ;      ,      
           ,       
          ,       
 ,                   
        "
108
105
-  -         ,   
                      
         ()
106
5, 20
107

108
   : "   ,    (  )    
 ;   ,      ;         ,   
 49
                  
  ()       ,         ,  
                    
,     ''    , 
        
         
         ,      
  -    -      
    ,          
                 
                 
                     , 
            ,     
          ,     
 
     ,         
               
                
                  
        
   ;     ,           
         ,             , 
          ,     ,      
  "               ,     
 ,     ,  ,             
       
     ,
   
   ,
 
 50
         ,    , 
 -                 
    ;   ,     ;   ,    
       ;   ,        
    ()   ()          
                  
                 , 
 , ,   ,      ,     
               , 
                
                ,     
             
109
   
               -    
                
     (),  ()   ()       
     : ,                
             ,         
               ,   
,      
              ,   
         ,           
                   
  ,        '      

110
         ''   
   
          ,    ,    
                
    ,   ,      
111
 
  : "       -  ,      
109
 
110
 -
111

 51
      (),      -   "
112
 
                   
               
113
   
   ,              
, 
 
 ,              
-      ,           ,
                  , 
         ,         
                  ,     
      ,       '     ', '  
  ', '      ',           
       ,      
114
  
  ,                  
                   
       -         
              ,   
        , ,        
               
              
    ,     ,      
        ,    ,       
          -      
                  
  ,       ,        
   ,              
   ,         ,     
    ,    
112
6.34   
113
  , 11, 736
114
", , -   ,          
   (   ),      "- :   , 
 (1940), . 12
 52
       ,          
        ;      -   
        ;        -
       ,              
                  
                ,    
                
     ,        
    
               
          -       
       -     ,    
                
    ,              
   :          -  -  
:     ,   ,      
 
                
 ;       ,          
    ;      ;       
       ()           
           ,     -   
                 
                , 
                    
        -           
           '
115
                 
    ;              
              
                 
115
6, 17
 53
,                  
    ,              ,

    ,     -     ;  
,                -
                   
         ,  ()      
       ()
116
' ,         
         ,         
 ,                 
           
11. 
            
()  -    ,       
 ,    ( )      
117
      ,   
118
'       
            ,       
                  
-            
,                
                 ,
                ,  
         ,         ,
     ,              
116
18,78
117
                -
       ,              
  
118
9, 32;    11, 53-54; 12, 1-51 "  -    ?     ? 
   ?       ?
    ?      ?
              ()      "
 54
       ,         , "    
    ,     "
119
  ''    ,   - ;       -  
                
  
120
'         
121
,    
    (        ) '
122
     
        ,    , 
  ,               
119
     ,
    
     ,
    
  ,       ,   : "       , 
    ,       ,      ,       
   ,          -      ,  
    ,    ,    ?"
   ,
   
,
     
      
-
9.31
120
 -
121
  1, 1, 2
122
    :       , , 12, 5: 9,
17-18
   : " ,            ;  
-          "
      
    
-
, 4
 55
    "
123
    ,           
     
124
-          , 
           ,   
         ,        
    ,                
           
125
    
                
                   
          ,        
       -          
          ,        ,
             ,   
     "        ;    
     ,                 
          
126
" , "  ;     
         "
127
      ,        
      ,      -      
123
1, 23    
124
    :  54;    , ,

125
, 16-18 '          :
    
   
: "         ;      ,     
    "
  
,   
  ,   
126
      
   
127
  
   ,  
 56
               
              ,     
128
'
               -
     ,      ,  
129
     ,   ,     
          , , -,   
         -   ,     
    ,         -  
    ,   ,        ,    
                  
              
130
    
    ,   -
     
       
                 
   "     ;           
(       ) "
131
  -        ,    
                    
              ' 
   ',                
   ,             
 ,                ,
                , 
    -       ;  -     
                ,    
                   
128
  
129
 , 27
130
  
   
  10, 22, 4
131
   
  
 57
              
                  
                 
  , , ,           -
                 
              
132
'      
 - (  )  - ( )    
                    
 -              ;  
  
               
 ,                     
      ,     
133
'       
  , "     ,            
    "
134
              
  ,      "            
  "
135
                 
   '
136
             ,  
                    
                
   
    
   
137
132
18, 66
133
    : (1)    (
 ); (2)    (
 ); (3)
      ( ); (4)   -   
(); (5)     (); (6)  ()  
          ,      ,   ,    
         :  ,      
   ,           
134
, 2, 23
135
11,47
136
15, 15
137
           
  :
 
 
 58
        ()     
                 
                 
                      
                  
         ,           
  
           ;     
     ,            
 
    ,         ,     
                  
,      '  ' 
    ,    
                

   ,            ,   
 ,                 
'              
                  , 
              "      "
138
           ,     
 
  
   ;      ,   - 
      ,            
'
139
                 ,  , 
    ,     
140
        , 
                    
"                 ,  
     "
        . - '
 '
138
9, 29;  ,  2, 6, 27
139
9, 23
140
7, 21     : "  "
 59
            ;    
      
141
            ,
        ,          
                 ,  
               - 
  ,     ,         
   ,    -            
        ,         
   '
142
          , 
- -     
143
' ,       
    ,            
           
      ,       ,    
    
           -      
     ,             
      -          
          ,          
     -            
          
144
"    ,
                  ,  -
 
145
    ,             ,
141
 :
    ,
   
   ,
  
142
      
143
" ...               " , 16
144
    7, 7, 35
145
   ,
   
 60
 -  "              
146
             "
147
     
    '-'      ,         ,
             "
148
     -
       ,             
 
 ,              
      ,   ,      
                  
     
149
12. 
            ,    
  (),      ,       ()  
                
             ,       
 -        
       
   ,
    
146
  
147
 ,          ,     
148
       
-    , 9, 30;  ,  2, 9-11; 4, 18-20;   : "  ,
 -  ,       ;   ,       
 "
149
      "               
,        "
   
   
  :
  
     
-, 3.7
 61
                    
                   
                   
     
150
           ''  
 ''                   ,
                
             ,   
      
       -  
             ,      
 
151
,         ,         
                  
152
 ,      ,         
               ( )   
          -        
            ,     
     ,          , 
   ;            
        ,          
           '
153
      
                  
154
150
2, 18, 37; 3, 19; 4, 15; 8,7; 11, 33; 16, 24; 18, 6, 72 2.
151
 , , , 348, 53 :
      
  
152
    
-, , 240, 7
153
  
  
- , , 347, 80, 81
,    , 217, 2
154
   
 
  
-  , 237, 1; 234, 29
 62
                  
                    
              ,    
                   
            ,   
155
                    
       ,             
  ,           -     ,
       .          
      ,             
  -          ,      
         ,        
  ,               ,
     '
156
         ,           
          ,       
    ,      ,     ,    
                    
                
   :
           ,      
 ,          ,         "
157
  , , 2  , 6, 6, 12
155
4, 17
156
  :
    
     
- , 12, 18, 31
157
1,46    
 63
                  
              ,   
   ()   
158
       ,   
        ,            
        ,       '
159
 
              
160
    
  ,    ;       ,       , 
                    
,                       , 
      ,            
    ,               
                   
   ;            ''  
                  
          ,          
                  
,     -  ;  ,   
    
       ,            
         ,       -   
      ,              , 
 ,  
       
        
                    
      -              
                    
                 ,  
  ()  ,         '
161
  -  
  ,            ,  , ,
  ,  -       ;      
158
31,31; 1, 27; 1, 37; 1.45
159
18,7,8
160
2,7
161
 , ,       
, 2, 18
 64
  ,         ,     
      -          
                ,    ,
                   
-- 
  ,     ,       ,  
   ,               
             ,       
   
162
                , 
             ,  -
163
'  
   ,           ,        
 
       ,         ,   
            ,     
        ,           
           ,     , 
                ''
      : "     ;      
                 
,                "
164
 
              -    
      ,  
  ;      
162
      : "  
  ,
   ,      
       "
 , 
 ,
, ,   
163
5, 3;      ,               
 ',        , (    )    3, 204-5
164
  ,      ...    
     
 65
,               
                   
      
        ,      ,  
     ,           
               ,
                 ,   
            ,     
                 
           ,        
    ,   
165
   
     
         ,          
()        : "         ,  
    ;     ,         I''
166
 ,
    ,             
         
167
                  
      '
168
            
 
169
            
    -  ,       
  , 
 ,      
  ,      ,    
  , ,                 ,
       -     '
170

 , 
165
3, 17
166
          1, 23
167
, 1, 1, 18
168
  , 3, 3, 32;     , 2, 11; 3, 8  20     
            -  ,     
  
169
      , 1, 1,4
170
  : ()    :     "     "
( 2, 16); "    ,        " ( 2, 20) : "
 66
       ,          -
                
           ,           
 '
171
           , ,   
          - , 
172
    
  ,               '
173
 
           ,    
                  ,
          
  ,      
            )    .
     , ,         
          -  
()           ()    
                 
  ,                 
       ,           
,                  
     "
174
            
               ,   -    
          "   , 16, 17,   :
"        ,          "-
, 2, 1, 93-6  1
171
       : "      ,    "
172
11,33
173
18,73
174
           -        , 
              :    ,
, 312, 108            , 2, 19:
 
  
   
' '      : "           
 ;             "
 
 
   
 67
  
175
     -     ,    
             ,      
      
176
            
 ,        "       
      ,        -    
      "
177
         ,        
  ,              
                
         ,  ,   , 
, -  
     ,      
         
    ,     
      -       -  
            
                
  
178
                
                
,             
 
175
"     ,  
       ,   
  "
       
    
-, , 7, 1
     -               
-                      
       
     
    
176
   : '         '   
  -   ,       
177
3, 25
178
4,33
 68
           ,        , 
 
179
       ,          
   ,       
 ,      

 ( )-      ,    -  
       -    
180
          ,     -  
  ,              ,    ,
,           ,       
         -     ,     ,
             ,   
                 
    ,             
     ,          
  ,               ,   
                 
           ,     
          -     ,  
                 
        - -   ,   
179
    , 3, 20
180
     ''              
 : (1)               
      ,        ; (2)    
                      , 
     ; (3)       ()       , 
      ; (4)       ()    
               ; (5)    
           ; (6)        
   ,              ; (7)
   -   
                
         ,       
  -            
         ,          
   
 69
  ,              
    ,  -         
  
13.  
181
         ,   ,   
         ,    -   ,    
                      
  ,           ,          
-   ,               
      ,     ,     
,                     
                
               ( )    
                   
               ,    
   ,  ,         ,  
    ,             
                 ,
        ,       ,  
              ,      

                  
                 
     ()     ,    () 
      
            
         -       
181
     (3, 19) ,   (3, 31; 4, 15)    (18, 56),     
   (5, 17)   (12, 10)    (4, 39)     (4,9,10  24), 
    (6, 28)     (2, 72)     (14, 26)    (5, 24)
 
 70
     ,  , , , ,      
 ,               
 ,   ,     ,   ,     
           ,     ,     
               ,
                ,
                
                , 
     ,                 
           ,  
     ;    , 
      
        , '
182
    
               -    
             ,     
       -      ,       
 ,              -   
                 
          ,         , 
      ,     
183
    
              
( ) -    
184
,         
             ,      
  
185
          ,    
   ,    ,   
         
,    ,         
           ,      
        ,    ,    ,
             ,  
        ,         
182
3,25
183
4,34
184
15,7
185
6,31
 71
,                  
    
  ,          
  ,     -           
           ,  --      
                 
              
        -     ,  
 ()                
               ,
   
186
'      
187
   
  ,        ,           ,
     ,                , 
     ,           ,    

 1
    
186
       ,            
               - , 212
187
 - , 214
 72
 
 

  
  
  1
   :
(1)  ,         
        ,
    ?
 :         ,           
 , ,               ;  
             '
188
   ,     -       
,                      
                  
    ,             ,
    ,              
               
                 
         ,          
       ,     ,     
        ,   '
189
     
,               
                  
             
188
  
       
- 
189
  
 73
          ,  ,     , 
   
 :
  

  
      
190
'
'              
  ,           ,      
       ,  -     ,    
                  
,          ,         ,
       ,         
         
  ,        
 '
191
 -  ,             
    -            

 :  
192
          ,     
     -     ,       
 
 :               
190
 ,         
      
         ,  ,       ,  
 ,                 
             ,     ,  
       ,             
       -            ,  
                      
   ,  ,  6,  147       , "
  
   
 ;   ,  ,    "     
,   ,   , ,          
,                    
    ,                
     
191
 , 2, 19  20
192
    - 
 74
 
 
   
   2
   :
(2)        -         
 :
: ,      ,            
    ,    
      
   
     3
(3) ,         ,  -    
 (  )   '
193
    
    4
(4)   -    ,         , 

 
194
   
193
     
194
     ,             
      
    ,         ,     

     
 75

   5
(5)  ,    ,    ,
     

195
   
     6
(6)     ,   ,   ,      
        
    
      7
(7)    ,        ,       
    
 :      ,         -
                  
               ,  ,
                
       
   
   8
(8) ,          , ,    

196
195
   
      
 
    -  
     
    
196
   ,      -  
    
  
 76
    
   9
(9)     ,            - 
          
   
    10
(10)   ,      ,  ,    ,   
  ,  
 : ,    
  
     11
(11)     -            
    

 
 
     12
(12)      
,  ,         
  
               
      ()        
  
       
     
 77
               ,   -
 ,          ?
       :        
   
  13
(13)   , , ,            
   
    
     14
(14)     ,     ,        

                
    ,  , - ,       
   
197
    
     15
(15)                 
         
     
 
 

   16
(16)
   
198
      
   

197
  :  3, 3:    , , 898 ,  26-8
 78
    
   
   17
(17)     ,   ,        
   
    18
(18)    ,              - 

   
     19
(19)                
     
  
    20
(20)   ,        , -      
        ,     
  :               
                    
                   
   ,     ,     ,        
  ,       ,   
    
198
        
          
 79
    21
(21)    ,    ()     :   ()    
       
 ;      '
199
 
    22
(22)      
,             

  
   23
(23)      ,             

          
         :        -
            : "         
?''
200
              : "  
         ,  , ,       ,
   "           "
201
  
-                  
                     "
,               
199
           :  (    ),  ( 
 ),  (    ),  (  ),  (  ), ( 
),  (  ),  (    + ),  (    )
           :  (  ),  (   ), 
(     ),  (  ),  (   )
200
    - , , 21, 31
201
  ...   ,  21, 11-12
 80
 "    
             
   ,               
 ,                  
   
                
          
     
   24
(24)   (),  ()      ()      
        
  
  
 25
(25)  ,          :   (),    
  
   
 26
(26)       , , , ,        
 
   27
(27)            
      -
     ,
  
    28
(28)            :
 81
 :   ,            
,           ,  1,  31, 37  45
      -         
    -                
                   
                  
     . . 1, . 36
  
 ,           ,
    
     29
(29)              
   
    30
(30)                    
     -  
                ,  ,  
   ()   ,          
                ()
     
   
   31
( 31)   ,  
             
    
 82

             
    
       32
(32)  ,             , -
,         ?
               
              :  -

     
    33
(33)    ,    ,          

   
   
     34
(34) , ,   , , ,       (  )
   
     35
(35)       ,  ,            
    !        
    ,        
   
  36
 83
(36)  ,            ?     

    
       ?        ,  
            ?
          ,    
                 
              ,    
                  
    ,          :    
             ;      
:         "
202
    
       37
(37)                (),

-         ?
  
    38
(38)                     
      ;
  
   39
202
 ,     ,   - , , 38, 73,
74  , 223
 84
(39)   
              
 (),         
                     
             ,      ;    
  ,         ,       ,     
              
 
 
 
  40
(40)
       
          
         
             ,  
        ,    
 

     41
(41)     ,    (),         
    ,         
 ''       ,   -  
      
 

 
    42
(42)                   
,                
                 
  
 85

 
 
  43
(43)
         ,      
  ,     
    
           -  ,  
    ,         

  
    44
(44)   (),               , 
     
     
   45
(45) ,         ,          - 
      
  
     46
(46)               ,   
     ,        
   -    '' 
                  

      ,              
     ,    - ,      
         ,           
                
      ,          
 86
 ,            ,     , 
                 
                 
         ,      
 ,                ,   
        ,           
    -       
   
    47
(47)       -   hat R 
-   
  
              
      -     ;         
      -          
            -    
             (  )    
               
                  ,  
                 
  
   
  
    ,   ,  -- , 
     "
203
 :      ?       -

  
   ,      ?   ,  -  
203
      ,            
-  ,    
 87
      ?            
 ?    ,    ?         
             
 ''                 ,
          
204
 :    -  ,           
         -        
                 
 -    ,      ;     -
 ,
         ,      ,   
          ,      
 ,         ,       ;  
     , ,   ,    ,
 ,         ,      , 
 -                 
- :             
        
            ,    
 (),   
        ,     
   
            
           
205
'     
           ,        
     ,               ,
                
                  
   ,           
204
   
     
205
   , "             
...    ,       ,    
 "
 88
     ,  
     
     ,   ,  ,  , ,  
  (11, 42)         ,        
    -  '
206
 :              ''   , 
                 
                   ,
                
           ,    : "   ?" "
   ?       ?" " ,  ,     
?"     : "   , , , ,      , 
   "
207
           -      
                ,   
        -  ,        
                
    , , ,        
       ,         
206
    : "  ,     ;        ,
  "
      
   
207
   ,  
, ,   
 89
 2
-    
          
 
  

   1
   :
(1)             ,     
,    :
                ,  
      ,             
               
     ,        

   
 90
 22
    :
(2)  ,     ( )          
     
  (     ),    

   ( )    
 :   
        ,   
   ,     ,
       
,   
   
            
                
                    
     
    3
(3)   (),    ,            
     (    ),    
      
 
    
    4
   :
(4)   (),              ?    
 ,      
      
 91
    5
(5)                 
        ,           
           
 :               
  ,     ,     ,     
        ,      ,   
      
       
  -    6
(6)             ;    ,      
             ,       

   
   ,      7
(7)    ()             
                

   
208
     ;  
 :      ,      ,  
       
208
 -          
  ,     -     

 92
               
                ,    , 
                -  
       
               ,    
             ,     
            ,   
    ,   ,         
                    ,
         
     ,      ,        
,        -       
   ,                  

      ,         
  ;             
            ",     
 ?"
                
     ' ,     ,       

   
     8
(8)               

,        ,        ,   
                 ,
      
 93
 
    
     9
   :
(9)     ()   ()       ()  
         
 :     '             
               ,     
              
 :         '
209
  :             
    
   10
(10)   (),             
 ()  - -            
               ,    
   ,       ,        
   ,       
       :       ,   
 
  
   11
    :
209
      
 94
(11)       ,            
             
       : "        " :
"'
210
 11   38             
     ,    
     
     12
(12)     ,                 
 ,        
                
      ,   -  ,      '
211
 ,                 
              
          ,      
              
         ,         
-        ,         
    ,    , -         
    -         ,      
       ,      ,      
,   "  ", " "          : " 
210
 ,  : ",     ,          - 
              ,     
,                , 
   ,      ,          
 3, 2, 15  
211
 , 
 95
               ,   
    
- ,           
 "
 ,  ,         
 "                  
"
212
     "    ,    "
213
 
                   
   ,               
     ,               
,                    
-    ,              
   ,               ,
           ,     
               
          ,         
        
   
   13
(13)                   
         
 ,  : 20, 491
-          -      
                  
   
212
       31, 19;    32, 4
213
   (    1, 1, 5)
 96
  
  14
(14) 
  (),         ,   

       ;        (),    
         ,      ,
 ,            
    -    ,        
                  
                   
 ,               ,     
                   
              ,     
 ,   
  ,        ,      
   -        ,        
214
'
    
    15
(15)     (),       ,       ,

 ,  -        
         ,         
          ,        
      , '  ,           
       
     
  16
214
 ,  : "    -   ,      
,               ?"
 97
(16)    ,     ;    ,  
               -   
  :    ()          ,
        ;   ()   , 
      '
215
        , 
       ,        - ,
    ,     
       
                 ; 
           
    
  17
(17)           ,      
     
 :  ,     8, 22, 46; 9, 4; 11, 38   12, 240, 201
  ''    
,  ,      '
216
     
     
217
           
   , 
      
     -       

215
   ,   
216
   - 
217
         2, 18
 98
    
   18
(18)         ,     ,       
  ,  
           ,    
218
    ,              ,
          
     
      19
(19)        ,          ,     
          
     ,          '
219
   -     
       20
(20)                  
       , ,       
    
 , 2, 18  ,    , 8, 1, 5 
           '   '         
      
          :  
218
    :      3, 4, 1
219
     :
"        ,            ,    
    ,    ,   ,     
 99
  
       21
(21)          ,     ,  
(),                ?
       ,       !
      
        22
(22)    -            ,  
     -            
         -,    
     -              
          ,      
     ,   (),  ()   ()   
           ,           
                 
   , 1 ,61 ''             
"
             ?   
    
     
    23
(23)                 
   

    24
 100
(24)     ;     ;        
    ,    ,        

   25
(25)  ,           
  
      ,  -         
           ,       ,    
          ,      ,     
  ,           ,    
          ,  - ,   
    ,     
220
         
     
     26
(26)               ,    
(),     
     
   27
220
     ",     ?"       : " 
   ,    ,     ,      
               ,        
    "
 101
(27)     ,    ;     ,    
      ,       
  : "            
?”
221
           
222
                 
      
     ,         
                  
            :        
                  
          ,       
                    

   
    28
221
      - 
222
     ,         ,      
            -    ,     
                ,         
             
      ''  
      :
 ,         ,
    ,    ,
, -   ,     ,
          ?
        ...
        ?
-     (  ),      (1909), . 78
 102
(28)                
        ?
 -   
      29
(29)                 
               ;      
 
           ,        -
    ,    - ,           
         ,           
         ,         
        ,           
             
    2, 7 "     ,      
     ,       " - 
   
    30
(30)   (),       ()        
         
  ,    ,   ,    ,      
     ,            ,   
    -       ,      
     
-    
  
   31
 103
(31)                
       
               , 
                
        , ' '    '
223
  
                
    
  
     32
(32)   (),   ,            

      
        ,        
224
    
     33
(33)     ,             
 
         ,        
        ,     
    
223
   :       - , 23, 46 "    
,   "       , 12, 29, 1381
224
  : " ,            (    
  );    ,        ,  -     "
   
     - , , 32, 65
 104
   34
(34)          ;       ,
        
   
      35
(35)  -                  
  ,     
  
     36
(36)        -         
   !
                
  
 
    37
(37)        ;       
 
  (),      
     ,    ;      
          ;         
 
    
     38
(38)   ,    ,           
 ;     
 105
  ,                 
                  
           ,  -
     -          ,  
            ,     
   ,         
225
      
     -         ,    
      ,    ,        ,   
  -   ,           ,  
 
     ,       
  
    
      39
(39)   (),                
     
                 
          ()   ()   
   ,              
   ,        
  
          3, 3      
  ,      -        
                     
        ,           
,       ?     ,     
  ,         -     
                  
225
    : "      , , ,   , -
 ,  
    ;      ,        "
 106
       (
 
    )  
      ,          ,   
   3, 42         ()
   ,          ,    
                
         
226
        
     , , , ,  -       
, , , ,       ,         
  ''       - -     
-                ,   
        
       
         ,          ,
              ,    
            '
227
     
           ,        
              ,   
                    
               , 
         
              ,  
  
  
     40
(40)                   

-        
226
              
 :  ,  6, 13
227
3,3
 107
                  
     
 

   41
(41) 
 (),           ,   

         
             - 
    -            
 ,                -
    ,           -  ,
        ,  ''      
             -
       
    
   
    42
  
   43
(42 - 43)   ,        ,       
 ,          
,  
 
()    ,            
               
             
                   
 () ,        ,     
 108
   , 1, 2,      10 " ,    ()
           ,        
  -     ''    , 9,12,  2, 5  
                  
               
                 
 ,                ,     
          ,      ,   
    
 
    44
(44)               (  )   

 ,           (  )  
 
      '
228
,      ,
      
   
  45
(45)            ,    
      (   )       
              
 :                    
-                
    -           
228
    : ,   ;   

 109
                 
          ,       ,  -
                  
     
   -          
229
 :  ,  
230
          
    
231
   ,   , ;   ,  
     ,             ,  
       
232
   
    46
(46)          ,         , 
        
  : "         
     , 
        "
233
     ,  
     
      
   
    47
(47)       ;      
   
      (  )     
229
  ,   
230
  - 
231
   -  1, 7, 2
232
 
233
. ()  
  - ,  240, 10
 110
             , 
     ,      ,           
     ,            
               
             : "  ,   ; 
    "

   
      48
(48)      (),    ,      , 
          ;      

 :     
 :           , , 
   
              
      ,       ,     
     
          ,             
  ,       '
234
  
    49
(49)      ( )         (),

     (   )     ,   
234
   :    ,     ,
    2,1
 111
    18, 57
   
     50
(50)       (  )   , (    
 
 )                
  
    
    ,       ,     - 
            ,    , 
             ,     
     '
235
     
   51
(51)   ,     ( )     ,     
      ,            
                    ,
             
236
   
     52
(52)          ,       , 
  ,  
   
235
         :
    
      
236
          - 
 112
       ,       2, 46; 4, 44
       ,          

    
   53
(53)   ,       ,      ()  

,   ()   
 :           
         ,       

     ,       '
237
   
      ,         ,   
              ,    ,
               ,      
:      
   
 
    
      54
(54)   (),               

,      ?            ,
          ?
237
   ,     ,      '-      
     , 83 
 113
  -      ,    
 
         -    (); 
       ,     ()   
-           ,         
     ,            
    
  ,          
 ,                  
,                   
          ,      
                  
              
     ,               
             ;     
- 
 
   
   55
    :
(55)                 
   ,    (),  -  (    ) 
                 
     
  
  56
(56)               ,  , 
      ,  -  
 114
  -,           "
238
  
     57
(57)         ,           
   ,   ( )     
                  
    
   ,   ,       

  
 
   58
(58)                ,  

  (   )   ,   ( )     
   
     59
(59)           ,      
    ()           ,   
  
                (62  
       ;           ,  
    '
239
             
   ;       
238
   : "                ,
         ,         : 
         ;         ;  
               " -  
239
   : "           ,    
"        -
, 1, 59
 115
    
     60
(60) 
  (),         (  )   ,
             
     
      61
(61)   ()     ,    ,     ; 

   ,     
 :     ''
-     ,         
   -     12, 51 :      
, , 1, 24   
  
   62
((62)              6.      
               
:         ,       
                  
  
  63
(63)                  
 
 116
 ;          
 :                
       ,           
           ,        
     ,           ,
                ,    
    
 
  64
(64)     ,        ,    ( 
)          ,       
 
 5, 81 -           
        
  ,        
                  
      '
240
  
    65
(65)                  
      (   )    
   
240
        :
  
   
  
  
 117
 
  66
(66)                
  ,     ;     ,     
!
   
    67
(67)        ,         ,  
       
   
   68
(68)    (),            , 
    
     
       69
(69)        ,            
  ,       (    )  
       -    ,    
             ,  
         ,          ,
              : "    
  ,      "
   
      70
(70)        ,           
 118
       -      ;     
 ,     
    
   71
(71)                ,   
           ,     
        : "      - 
 /           ,    :    
    ,    "
241
 :        ,  .  -  
         ,   
      
 : ;       
242
      
  72
(72)   (),    ( )          () 
          (  )    
(- )    
   
,  
       - 
241
      
   
242
,  - 
 119
                
   :     ;     ;        
 '
243
               ,
,      ,   -   ,     
               ,  
         -        
                   
            
      ,           
      ,             
   -       
..   
  ' '   
243
204    , 14, 543 :
   
   
    : "                
  ,    -              , 
     ;  -  -           
  ...      ,           
 '' -   68
 , , -, ,            6, 4-32;
10, 9-10; 12, 13-20; 13,7-11; 14, 21-35; 16, 1-3; 18, 50-60
 120
 3
    
     
 
   
      1
   :
(1)   (),      ( )  ( )    ,  
 121
 (),           ?
                  
                     
                   , 
                -  
,   
   
    
     2
(2)  --         -   ()
 
  ,        
 :  -             
 ,         '
244
  ;      

     
    3
    :
(3)   (),          -     
            
              
 (),              
 ,             - 
   ,           
244
   ,      -
 122
   ,     ,         
 ,   
           
                    ;
     -          ,   
    ,  -  (  )  
  : "     ,           
    ''
245
          
                      
                  ,  
               ,    
     ,          
246
 
   4
(4)               (  )   
  ()   
   ,               
                  
     ,    -        
                  
  ,     ,  -  
   
245
   
 ,  
- , , 240, 60
246
       :
   
  
-     , 2, 11
 123
     5
(5)    -               
        
        ,           
     '
247
             
   ,      ;          
    ,          
                  
   ,               
  ,             ,     ,   
          ,          
 ,                  
 ,       ,              
                
                 
                 
    ,               3
                , 
  .               
 , ,     
    
   6
(6)          ,        

247
  :
"        ;
         ;
 ,    ,    ,
   
    
" -
 124
  ,     ,   (   ) 
         ,       
     ,            
  
   7
(7)   ,            

      ,   
              
              ,   
         ,        
             ,        
                
 
                  
     
  

    
   8
(8)      ,  ;           
      
  
     8
(9)                  -  
 125
  
- (),           
  
       
             
                 
 ,          ,          
                   
 ''                  
                 
    
   10
(10)              : "  

          "
248
     ,    ,      
         
    
    11
(11)              - 
        , , , 340, 59-62
         -    
    
      12
248
   :    10, 117,6
 126
(12)         -  ,      
            ,    
   
      13
(13)   ,       ()    ,     

,          ,   ,    
 ; , 3, 76, 1181
  
    14
(14)                     
    3, 76
    ~
     15
(15) (   )    ()        ()  
       
       ,          
     (10, 90)               - 
                  
-    '
249
      ,   14  3-4        
        
249
   :    ;   
 127
    
    16
(16)                  ,  
          ,   (),   

         -       
                  
                
250
 

251
       ()     -   
   -           
  ,                 
      ,   ,        ,  
                    ,
             
   
  
    17
(17)          ,         

,       ,    
                
     ,             
:  
    
   18
250
, 5, 29
251
 , 1, 7,4
 128
(18)            ,       , 
         ,           
      
                   

               ,  
       ,         
 -  
    19
(19)         ;     
  ()   
                 
         -         
           '
252
              , ,
  ,                   
                  
'
     
252
   : "              

        ,    " , "    
 ,            ? 
   ,   
  "
    
     -6, 199
    
    - , 216
 129
   
  20
(20)                  
(  )    
       ,     ,      
                   
               -   
,           ,         
 2, 101
 :              -
         :      ,  
      ,            
     ,         
                  ,
                   
                    
             ,      "
253
  

  21
(21)   -
 ,           
 ,       
              
    
              
           ,       
       ,           
     ,               , 
253
        , 3, 4
 130
  '', ''  ''             -
      - -         
     
    22
(22)   (),           ,      
   ,         ;        
       -   
254
    
     23
(23)         ,    (),       
   
 
  
    24
(24)      ,    ()       ( ) 
            
             
      '
255
254
   ,           :
  
 , , 3, 313, 17:
      
       
 131
  
 
 25
(25)   (),         ,   

   (     )      
         ,      

 ,    -          ,   -  
        
   
  
   26
(26)                 

            ()   
 :             
   ,                  
        
        
  ,                ,  
          ,         ,  
     ,             
              (  
 )       ,       -  
       ,        
          ,        
                   
     ,          

255
    : "            
  ,                 ;     
      ,      " -  , 1, 9, 2 
 132
  ,            ,   
               
            ,       
()   ,    ,               
   ,     -,          ,
                
 ;                 
                ,
             
                ,  
 ,               
 
  ,                
             
    ,         ,    
   ,           -  
        ,  
  ,     
           
     
                 
     ,             
             
   
    
   27
27)               ,   

     ,     ' 
 :    '
256
    
257
    
258
256
     
257
  - 
 133
           "
259
             ,     
                   
,           ,        
,         
  
      28
(28)    (  )     ,          , 
                  , 
 (),       
      ,       
          ,        
     
  
   29
(29)            ,        
          ,       
          
       ,          
                  
   , ,        ,  
    ,               
258
     - 
  -      -

259
 - 
 134
     ,        -   
     ,             
               
  ,        ,      ,     
              ,    -
 ,                   
  ,          
   
    30
(30)                 

     
  ,          ,  
     '   ',           
          '
260
, 18, 59-60  66
    
    31
(31)                  ,
  ( )     
    
  32
(32)                   
,          , 
     
260
    - 
  - 
             - 
 135
  
   
      33
(33)      ()          
     (  )    ?
 ()    ,         
  
261
              
                 
  
262
        ,         
         . 
                 
       ,            
                    
           ,       
      
  
    34
(34) ()    ()    ( )  -     

     ,     
                
  ,           ,      
                
 
261
    - 
262
     -
 136
  ,       
     ,   
         ;           
   ,                
    ,  
    
  
     35
(35)                     
       )   ,      , 
     
       ,          , 
                 
                 
               
          -       
             ,        
   ,             ,     
,              
  ,    -      
    
 
    
    36
   :
(36)    (),    ,         ,
        ?
 :    
          
                 
 137
           ''  ''     
    :         ,       
        '
263
 
    
    37
    :
(37)      ,       -
   , 

       
   
  38
(38)       ,      ,        
,     ()   
 :    - 
    
   
   39
(39) 
  (),        ,       ,
  
  : "         ,    
     ,        "
264
263
             , 3, 34
264
   
   , 2, 94
 138
  
   40
(40) ,                 
 ()    
  
    41
(41)     (),            
      
            (13)   
       '          '
   '      ' 
    : "  ,  ,        ,
   , ,                  
    ,                  ,
       ;                
       
        ,  
    ;     ,            
 ,      ,               
 ,                      
    
      ,        
     " -          -
,           ,       
        :
"          ,         , 
   "
- - 
 139
       -          
                
                '
265
   
      42
(42)       ;      ;      ;   

 
 : 3, 10;    6, 7   -      
-     , -            
   ,               ,   
   ,          ,        ;
       ,        ,   
    
         
    
     43
(43)   (),        ,    ()   
        ,      
 : '
266
        =   
      ,      -         
         
265
,  ...    ,     
:  : ,  
266
 :   
 140
               , 
 ,              ,    
     =    
267
 ...   
  ''   
 4

  
 
   
   1
    :
(1)                  

  '
268
   
     2
(2)         -         
(),         
267
   
    
268
   : , 348, 51-52
    
   

   
 141
 : - ,     ,      
  :                
  -                
          
       ,       ,   
  ,             
 ,               ,    

      
     
      3
(3)       ,       ;    


  :              ,
     ,     -   ,   
             , ,
    ,     ,    , 
                    
            ,       '
269

       -           ,
    : "   ?"     : ",      " 
   : "-  ?”      :
"      ;
       ,    ,
         ,
      ,
   ; 
 ,      "
269
217     
 142
      ,           
    ,     ,         ;  
      ;       ;      
  : "   ,      ;         ,  
             "
270
    :             
        ,        
        ,        
           ,       
      
-            
: "    ,      "
 
     
   4
   :
(4)                  
   ?
               ,
15, 11     : "  ,     "-, 8, 58
  

     
     5
    :
270
 , 9, 10
 143
(5)  ,     -          (),  
  ,   
   
   6
(6)        ,       ,   

       ()   
-  -           
                
            ,  ,'
271

        , 
  :              
 ,      
272
          
  -            
  '      
     "         
  ,         ,"
273
   
    ,  ,        
,    ,             
  
     
   7
(7)              ,   (),   (
 )  
271
9,8
272
 - 
273
 ,     ,  
 144
"            ,     
 "         ,       
       ,           
            ,     
            
274
    ,              
          ,       
    ,      
275
      
       -          ()
  ()                 
  
             
    ,             
  ,  ,   
    -     ()     
             
,   
         
      
   -   
    ,     
     
           
    ,              
                -   
           
         ,        
 ,                , 
        ,   (11, 18)     
   ,               

   
274
     
 '    - , 9, 24, 56
275
 ,  :
    
 145
    8
(8)                  -

   
                .    
    ,             
      
    9
(9)                ,     
    ,  ,     
                 
,               -    
   
                 
                
         ,          
               
,               
          ,      
                  
                ,
               : "
          ,        
   ,              
 ?"
276
  ,   ,         
                    
276
    
      -5, 19,5
 146
       ,          -  
         ,          ,
               - , 
             ,      
                
                  
    : "      : ',      
-        ,          
                  
              
            ,  ,   , 
              "
277
 -
       -           
         ,          
                    
                    
       
  
    10
(10) ,     ,            
 -          ;  
 ,    

 :    ,        -
     ,  -          
         -      - 
                  
277
   ,  : "           , 
                     , 
                 " 6, 6,  
 
 147
                  , 
 
     
     11
(11)        ,       ,    
    
 :  ;    '
278
 :  ;    ,  :   
               
                 
   ,      -        
            
    .  
         ,             
    ,                
                 
 
'
279
             ,
        ,         
                
               ,    
    
--
         ,  
                  
       ,               
         ,      ()  
 
278
  - 
279

 148
           ,        , 
        -           
 
280
               
 
             "    
 ;       - ,     "
281
''    , 
     ,   ,   ,           
 "
282
   : "       ,    
,     ,         ,     
  ,      ,         
"
283
       ,        "    
          "
284
*       ,
280
  : "     ,          ,  
                ;      --
                 
           
- "  ,   
:     '' (1937)    
281
   
    - 
      :       :    -
       ,   13, 3, 17
282
       
  
283
      ;
     
   ,
     
284
         -  '   
   : " ,         ,        
   ,                  '
    ';                 
       ,    ,    -   
   -       ,         
    -               
          " - , -, . 30 ()
 149
      ,            
                
                 
                   
   ,      ,  
     ,    ,   ,    ,   

 ,   ,       ,     ,   
   ,            ,      
 
     
      12
(12)           ,    (     
)  ,            
     
   
    13
(13)                   , 
            
 :             ,  () 
     ,              
                
              
285
'     
                 
  
286
                
285
  
  
286
    
 150
           ,     
        
287
-      
-              
 
                
                   
       ,       ,    
 
          ,      , 
              
 
   
 :      ,       
       ,         
 
     
     
     14
(14)             ,      
,       
     
     15
(15)     ,      ,        
       ,     
                
  
287
   
     
    
 151
            ,     
              : "   , 
,  ,               
  -   "
288
  
    
 16
(16)       ,     -          
         
    
     17
(17)                
  ;                
  - ,         ,  
                    
              
    
   18
(18)               ,     
           
        ,       
    ,               
288
 ,  
    
 152
               
     -       ;     
         ,         
       ,             : "
           ,         
,  (   )     ,      "
289
                
   ,   ,        
          ,        
        
              
,       ,      
   
    19
(19)         ,         ,  
   
         -     
    ,    
   
   
    20
(20)        ,   ,       
    ,   
   
289
  
   -18,61
 153
    : "       ,   ,
      ,           ,   
    "
290
"              
     ,            
     "
291
 
  
  21
(21)    ,             
       ,     
    , ' '   ,       
          ' 
               -
                  
       
  
    22
(22)           ,  (    )   

 ,     ,     (  )    ,
        
 -         ,       
                 -
       ,        ,      
290
18, 19    20-6
291

 
   
 154
            -  ,   
   
      ,   ,        -
              
    
  
    23
(23)        ,     ,     
   ,       ,      
    
    24
(24)         ,        ; 
                 
 ,      
              
   ,        '
292
,       
   
293
   
   25
(25)
      ,            
 
   
292
    :     
293
 ,       
 155
               "  -
           
294
        ,          
   ,              
  
   26
(26)
    ,           
         
  ,             ,   
         
295
      
              ,   
    ,       *    (  
 )            ,      
,   
  
   27
294
"      ,     ,
 ,          ...
-,    ,
   ,      ;  
        ...
,  ,      ....
,      ,          "
-   .
  ,    (1943), . 42
   : "    "
295
   :     :    , 
     ;    
    

 156
(27) 
             - 
     ,  ()     
 
   28
(28)  
              
    ,  
 ,          
   ,            
    
   29
(29)
   ,      ;   (   )  
(   )               
   
   30
(30)
   ,        -     
      (  5/6    )         
     , :  -     
   
 

 31
(31)         (-)   ,        
   (),     ,       ,   
  !
          ,        
  
     
 157
    32
(32)             (       )
              
  
 
     33
(33)      (),           
  ,            
     ,              

   
    34
(34)    ,  ,       )    

    
       ,          
              ,     
      ,          
            ,      ,
             "     
   ,    -   -  ,       
   ,          "
296
    
             
    -      - ,  
                   
296
     
     - , 2, 55, 1
 158
         -     
    ,        ,   
     ,
          
    
,    - ,   ,    
,      
              , 
    ;            
                
      ,         
 '
297
            -   
                 
   , 
      (-), 
 
   (-)             
()                
 ,     -       
  
 ,    
              ,    
  
        ,          
      ,        
 
               ,      
  
297
    : "      ,          
               ,          
;    ,             -
           " - , 85
   : "-           ,  
              ,     
 " - , 69, 4
 159
   
    35
(35)       ,     '       
      
       ,     ,     
            
    
    36
(36)         ,          
  
 

  
  37
(37)  ,             ,     
      
    
    38
(38)                   
 ,               
                  
   
    39
(39)     ,   ( )          
 
 160
  ,                 
 
 :             
               ,  
          ,       
                 ,   
              ,    
                   
                

  :          ,     , 
    ,         
298
  
     40
(40)     ,          ,   

           ,    
 
         ,   ,   
   
 
    41
(41)   (),          ,     

            ,   -  

298
 ...  
 161
  ,   -       
 :              
  ,      -           
                ,   
                '
299
- 
 :               , 
                   

  
    42
(42)    (),          ,    
 , -        
                  
                    , 
         
 ...   
  '   '   
-     '-- '         
  ()   
 5
299
      , 
     ,  
 162
  ()
        
 
    
     1
   :
(1)  ,                 
         -   ?
            ,      
 ,        ,   
  ,  
  -
   3, 17              
  3, 4  4, 6               
      ,   6, 3              , 
         , 4, 21       
                  
   ,  5, 8                 '
 ,                     
    ,                 
   '
300
                ,
             
                 ,  
  ,            -     
       ,  -     
 
  
300
      
 163
   2
    :
(2)      :   ,          
                  
301
-                 
        ,        
   -              ;  
                
      ,          
    
     3
(3)               ,   
        ;    (),      
    
 
 :              
()   ()  ,        '
302
   
   4
(4)  ()    ()      ,    

        ,      
      -,     -  - 
301
 3,8
302
     - 
 164
    
      5
(5)           ,       

                   , 
() 
  ,  305, 19 ;316,4 
303
    , 
   ,   ,          
  ,      ;          
       : "        ,    (
 )      ,      
304
     
-     -   
305
  
   6
(6)   (),          ;     ( )
  ,         


  7
(7)             ,    

        ,         , 
       
303
. :
    
     
304
  ,    -, 5, 5
305
     - 348,71
 165
         ,           
                  , 
       
306
    
 8
(8)                  ,  ,
 ,  ,   ,         "
  "

    9
(9)    ,  ,          
       
            ,     
        
      , 
 ,  -              
     
    
   10
(10)               ,   
   ,       (
   )
        ,     ,    
,                  
                 ,  
     ,            
306
...  
 , 
 166
        ,        ,   

307
        
   
 
   11
(11)   ()          , ,  

    
    
     12
(12)    ( )            

  ,         ,       
(  )        ()      
 :       
 :         ,      
    ,              

  ,     
 
    
307
    :
"  ,     ,
         
      ,  ,
       "
 167
  
  13
(13)  (),    (  )        
    ,          
  
   , 5 11
   :  ,  ,  ,   -     
  , 3, 18
    
   14
(14)         ,    ;      
           ,      
    ,   ,        
   
     15
(15)                 
   ,       
 :            '' 
              ,       
 :                  
 
 :         "
308
308
      
   - 
 168
.   
   1
(16)           ,       

  
 :  :   -       
  ,    
    

  7
(17)    ,          ,   
  ,              , 
    ;          
                
    ,       
   
     18
(18)       ,  ,   
    
    
 :       -     ,
-                  
  ,           
     
 
  ,     '
309
-        
309
            : "        
   -                ,  -
               ,     
     ,          "        
 169
, -      ,  -         
                
         
 :   ,        ''  
              
               
 :        ,        
 ,    ,             
                ,    

  ,             
         
310
       
   ,    ,   '     "
311
 
    ,               -
 ,  , -      , ,  
     ,      -   
  (),          
                
 -              
 ''
312
            
,                  
                  
        ,    
      
   : "                
 
          "
310
     
     
311
    - 
312

          ,
1, 3, 30
 170
       19
(19)        ,   (  )  ()   
       ()    
  , 2, 23, 11
      ,         
   
   20
(20)                  
           ,      
  
  :        ,     ,    
      
  
  21
(21)     (  )    ,      
,
    ,  -   ()     ,
   
  -                ,
     '
313
313
    : "    -          
  ,         ;        
 ,        ;          
  ,        ,    " -      
 171
      
     22
(22) (  )             
 
(),       '        

, 2, 14   '
314
   
     23
(23)                   ,
  ,  
 ,   ,        
    ;   ,         -   
     
 
 
   24
(24)         ,          
       ,   -         
(- )   
               
             ;       
    
314
    :
   
   
 172
  
    25
(25)   ,          () -   , 

            ,     ,
(- )    
  :          ,    
           ,       
             
           -     
  ;               
    ,      ,   -    
           , -    
      ;       
      ,          
             ;     
               
       ,           
           ,  -    
'
315
  
    26
(26)     ( ) -         , 
               ,   
 ( )     
315
 :
    
 173
               
  
  
    27

.       28
(27-28)       ,         ,  
             , , 
       ,       ,   
      
  : "              ,
  -
 "
316
       ,   
 
  
     29
(29)                   
     ,    
     ,      ,    
       
317
      , 
    ,        ,        
         : "  ,  , ,  , 
  "
318
316
   ,   
317
           , 9, 18
318
   
 174
 ...   
  '    '   
 6
 
    
 
     
    1
    :
(1)            ,    , 
    - 3, 25, 38
 175
 ,   ;    ,           
   
           -       
              -  
        -    
   ' '             ,
           "       

     
    2
(2)      ,   (),    () ,  
   (  )        
 :                 
   ,        
         ()     ,     
()
  
  
    3
(3)       ,        ;     
  ,         
        (),       
                 
(),            ,     
                  ; 
 176
    ,              
     6, 1          ,    ,   ,   
  ''             ,    
       5, 12               
            
    
               
   
  4
(4)                   
 ,             ()
 :             
, -      -        , 
  ,                 
     ,      
     
     ,      
      ,        , 
   '
319
              
  : " ,              
          "
320
 
    5
(5)      -   ,  -   , 
          
319
     2,3
320
,  ,   
     - , 17, 25
 177
    : "    "
321
"     "
322
               
,             ,    
    .                
        ,        
 ,                 
           ,    
 ,              
 -               
            ,       
,                   
   -         ,   
    
323
           
      
  
    6
321
    160
322
    380
323
   : "      ,          
                 
 ,          ,      - 
               "      
: "                  
    ,           ,   -  
      ,            "   
 ''   :
    ,       
        
         ,
        
-   
 178
(6)   ()    ()     ,   

   ()      ,      
  
                 
                
         ,          
   
   7
(7)    ()       -      ,

        ;     ,   , 
    
        ,        
    ,           
  :        -     
   '
324
        ,    ,
     ;                 ,
                
     ,     ;     
 ,   
  
325
'       
      ,     ''  ''      
   ''  ' '  .   
324
  
325
   :
    
   - , 187, 24
 179
 ''  -             
   
              
326

                
327
  :            
 

 
    8
(8)              
 ()  
      ,     ,   -  
,    
 : 3, 41   
 :        , , , ,   
        ,          
           ()     
               
        

   9
(9)   ,    ,    ,     
,
     -   ,      
326
  
327
--   :    ,     
 
 180
 - - ''    ''     
      ?
       
    
   10
(10)           -     ,   
      (-  -)     
 ( )  
                 
              
                 
                 
                 
 
          ,       
          
328
'  , 18, 72,   
            ;     
     ,           
               
            ,     
               ( 
)       "      "    
    ,        
 :       - -   
                
   
328
       '           ' 
 181
 :         ,    
 ;        ,          
,        ,         
  
-    : "   ,    
     "
329
           
      -     : "  
  ,     ,         "
 :            -      ,
            
 :   ,         
               
''             -   
                - 
          ,          
                 
    ;               
    ,      ,      
                 
 "  ()  ,     ,  "   
              
330
       : ",         
  ?"           ,   ' 
 '               
  ''               
                 
              ,    - 
329
 6, 6
330
        "          
"      '   : "           
          ,     "
 182
               ;   
             -   
       -    -      
                   
        -       
       
 :         ,    
                 
               ,    
      -              
  -        ,      
                  
      
 :              ,
                - 
                ,  
,                
         |       
            ,      
               
      ,          ,  
               '
331
   
  
 11
331
     ,            ,   : "   
  : 
  ,               
"              ,   : "    
          ;           ,
             " -  , 18, 18-23
 183
(11)         ,        ,
  
 ,        ;
   
  12
(12)     ,             
         
               
     ,  ( )        
                 
,            -      
         -          
    -         ,   
 -   
          ,
          
    ;   
      -       
                  
,         ,         
 ,         '
332
      
 '' ()      -    ;      
           ,          
 "  ,   ,        ,  
        '' ()       
        "    ,    ,  
      , ,       
 "       "
333
   
    13
332
   
333
, 4, 4, 12
 184
(13)  ,         ,    ,   
   (  -    );
                
,                  
        ,       
  :            
    
  
      14
(14)     ,            
       
  :              
 -             
           ,        
                   
                 , 
    ;          '
334
    
           ''
335
        
        ,   , 
336
  
334
  ':
    
   
335
    - 
336
   
  
-                : "
  -  ,   " -  ,  8,  71      
     ,   ' ' ( )      
      ,        ,    - 
 185
 -   ,     -    
            ,      , 
 ,                 
      
337
           ()  ,  
         ,    ,     
  
              ,   
                ,
    ,       ,     
 ()   ,           
   ,        ,    
 -    ,            , 
   ,            
        ,         
      ,          
      ,         
   
   15
(15)    ,         ,       
      ,    
             ,      
               ,     
     ,        ,      
 ,        -    ,     ,
             
  -
   
337
'       -    
-  , , ,         ,  
                    
 186
  
    16
(16) :     ,     ,   ,  
 
  , .     ,          
      ;         
            
  
    17
(17)                  ,
     ,     ()  ,  
    
       ,            
     ,             
   
 
  
     18
(18)                  ,
     (  )  
             ,  
                

       ,         
               -
 187
                  
    ,   ,          
                 
                   
                 
                ,   
      .           
 ,             ,     
   ,       -          
 () ,        
     
    19
(19)          ,        
,                ( -  
  )   
                
                 
   
    20
(20)                  
             ;
 
     21
(21)                 

        ;
 188
  3, 121            ,   
   ;    ,            
   ;    ,            
,        ,          
   ,            
      '
338
        
             
      
    22
(22)                    
      ;
  
   23
(23)      ,            
         
10  22                  
                  
        ,         
   
 :   -          
        
 
   24
338
      :
    
      
 189
(24)    ()           
         ;
  
     25
(25)              -  
 
  ()      
   
    27
(26)     -    ,          
    '
   
   27
(27)       ,    ,   ()    ,
          
 :      
 ,      
                     ,
       ()     
  
339
 ,        ,        
      
339
                    : 
          
 
 190
   
   28
(28)    ,       ,       
          
 :          ,  -
,   ,       ,     
      ,             
                 ,  
  
                
                  
            ,     ,  
               
         ,       
 
                 ;
                     
         
  
    29
(29)          ,        
             -  
                  
       ,        ,      
                    
 191
,         -        

 ,             
     
      
    30
(30)              ,     
     

    ,  '         
,      ,    ,     
 
       ,     ,      
       ,       ,
                 ,  
         
   
     31
(31)              ,   

 ,       
      ,        
       
    
        32
(32)  ,              ,   
     ,      
 192
-   -          ,  
            ,      
                   
    ,       : "       
 
,            "
340
      
              ,    
  ,          
      ,   
    
  33
   :
(33)   (),    (  )       , 
,   ,       
     
     34
(44)  ,        ,        
             

    
    45
    :
(35)   (),              ,  

   (),           
340
       
,      
   
  ...  
   
 193
 , , 1, 12        
              ,   
341

     
        -      , 

 -               ,
     
     
   6
(36)                ,  - 
       -       
              ,   
   :     ,      
 
  
      37
   :
(37)  ,            -    
         ,     ?
          ,        
    ,               
341
     ,          ?     , 
   ?     ,        ? ,
      -    ?
    ,  
 
  ,   

 194
 ,       ,       ,     ? 
                  ?
 
     38
(38)   (),    -          
                
   ?
   -,   ,          ,
    ?             ?  
                  
  ?        ?        ,  
       ?
   
     39
(39)  ,        ,        ,  
    

    
    40
    :
(40)   (),           ;   , 
    ,     
               
        ,           
,       ,         
           : "      ,
 195
        ,            -
  "    : "       ,     
"
    
    41
(41)          ,          
               
 : ;    
 :  6, 11        ;    
 '
342
 
  
     42
(42)                    
 
    
   
 43
(43)    (     )  ()        

         ( - ) 
 (),
       
                    
                    
342
    
   
-     
 196
           ,          
     -   
    
   44
(44)        -          
         
 :            - 
                 :
"             ()   
     ,          "
343
  
     ,            
     -           
      ,    
        
              
          ,  -    ,    
            ,     
       ,       "    
  ,       - -     "
, 1, 1351       
  
    45
(45)        , -  -  
    ,        (    
)
               ,  
                   
,                ,   
343
  6, 221        :     6,5
 197
 -  ,           
                 ,
           --      
               
 
   
    46
(46)     ;               ;
  ,    
                 
 ,               ;     
 ,              ;     
  ,                ,  
     ,              
     -           
               
     ,      ,     
          
    -  (),   
  
      47
(47)               ,   
      
          ,    ,   
         ,   
...   
  ''     
 198
 7
  
      
   
     
1
    :
(1)  ,        ,       
  -        ?
        ;     ,   
 -  
   
   2
(2)          ,        

 
 3, 41         ,       
                
-       ,    -     
     ,       
   
     3
(3)               ;      
    ,             
 199
   -  : "      "    
                -
                ,    -
              ,        
     
    ()
     
     4
(4) , , , , ,     -       
 : ,       
344
',  -   
345
    ,            
,                 13, 5 ,  
        ; :       
    ,              ,  
 , ,        ,  ,    
                   '-
     ,           
()               
              '  '   
 
    
     5
(5)             ,   -   
 (),       
344
    - 
345
 - 
 200
   ,          
()    ()      ()   ()    
        '
346
      
              , ,
,         -      ,   
             ,   ,  
      ,      '
347
  ( )  
                    ,
           ,   
                  
               
     ,             
,        -        
    
348
       
    
349
            
    ,     
  
     6
(6)                  ()
      
346
          - 
347
    :
  (),      ,  ,         
   
   
   -8, 3, 13
348
15,7
349
13, 16
 201
            
350
  
       ,   3      
 ,                   
  
   
      7
(7)      (),     ,     
  
 ,               
                 -
           ,     
   
   
     8
(8) 
  (),    - ;      ;    
''  ,        
    
    9
(9)                

 
  : "  ,   ;    ,  ; 
          "
351
     
350
  : 14,3;      , 1, 1, 6  3,1, 3   ...
   :   , 4, 27
351
           
 202
  10
(10)   (),           

  
   
    11
(11)   ()   ()          (),   

  
  
 :             '
352
 
    
353
      -     
                
    ()   ,     ()  
 ; 8, 31    ,          
       ,        
     
       12
(12)     ,    (),  (),   () ,

     ,         ,   
               
             ,    ,
                  
  ,                 
352
   
353
   
 203
             ,      
           ,       
       
  
    13
(13)               ,     
  
                   
 ,     , ,    ;          
              '
354
       ,       ,   
           -     ,
       ,      
     
      14
(14)                   , 
    
:  '
355
     
356
   :                ,  
 
357
354
   , , , ,
    
355
  - 
356
       - 
357
  ,  - 
 204
        ,       
    
    
   15
(15)   ,   ,      (),      

      ,      
        ,       
 ,                 ,
               
        ,        
                    
        ,       
                    
                      
,            
   
    
    16
(16)     (),       ,         ,

   ;  ,      
  
 :    ,         
    '
358
358
    - 
 205
       ,     ,      
  
,  (),        ,     
       -  ,           
,                ,    
        ,    ,     
 ,      ,               
    ,             
-          
  ,    
    , -         

359
   
     17
(17)     ,             
,
           
       ,              
   ,       -         , 

      
  18
(18)       ,             
-            ,     
   :               (),
      (),       (),   
   ()                
              ,    
359
             - 341, 33
 206
       ,             
                   
 ,           ,        
          ,    ,   ,
           , ,    
      -            
       -           
                  
-           ,  ,   
       ,       ,   , 
 , 
              ,     
       -         
 ,         ,          
 ;                ,     
                  
,           ,       
                   
              , " ,    "
   
    19
(19) -       -      
 ,   
()
         
   : -            
               , 
                   
                ,  
                
 207
:  :  -
    ,     '
360
       -

          "      
     ,             -
,   
              
 ,           -   
          -
   ,  -
  
 ,    
"   " - 
        ;    

 
      20
(20)             ,  -  
  -         
      
     21
(21)            ,  -     
  
               ,   
        ,          
 ,             
                  
             ,       
      ,           
360
  ,  
 208
                
 ,      ,      
  
     22
(22)           ,       
  ,               ; 
   ;        
361
'- 
   
     22
(23)               

       ,        
         ,        
             ,      ,  
  -            ,    
                   -
                  
             ,         
  ,              ,      , 
   ,                
            
  
  
   24
361
    ,   ,  
 209
(24)   ,            , 

 ,   
         ,        
                
                
               
,             
   
    25
(25)    ()            
     ,      
 :       '   '       
''
     ,             
   
    : " ,  ,  ,     
 ,        , ,         ?"
362

  ()  ;           
   
     26
(26)  ,           ,       
    ;     
  
362
              

 210
    27
(27)   (),      (),        
           
  
    
     28
(28)    ,       (     )    

         
        ,    , ,   
   ,          ,    
      ,         ,      
    ,              
     ,               
,         :
"       ,
      ;
,    , ,  
 ''  ''   "
363
   
      29
(29)      ,            ,  

               
363
 : '    ' (1919), . 79
 211
''       
364
    
    30
(30)            ,          
   ,                 
 
           
    
,         ,        

              
         ,        ,
     ,           
     
 ...   
  '    '   
 8
    
   
 
     
364
  - 
 212
    1
   :
(1)   ?   ?   ,   ?   ( )  - 
 ?    -   ?
      () ?       () ?
      () ?        () ?   
          ,  ,        
      '
365
   
    2
(2)   (),       () -    ?    
-               ?
             ?
   
 
   
   3
    :
(3)  ( )  ,  (    )     

      ,         
 :        ;  15, 71
366
 :   , 
367
         
365
  - 
366
        - 
367
    
 213
     ,     -  ,    
  -             ,
                 
          ,    -
     ,        ,    ,   -
 -      ,      -   ,   
  ,        ,       -
   -   ,       ,    
,    -     
                '
368
,       ,  
369
  ,   
               
,      
   
   4
(4)          :       
    ,     (),      
                   
     ;     ,      ; 
, ,      ;     ,    
         7,41
         ,    
   
368
, , , ,  ,  ,
, ,  7
369
 ,  ,        6
 214
      5
(5)                  
 ,       ,    
    7, 30              
         , 3, 14, 1;  , 3, 10    
      ,         
     
     6
(6) 
  ( )     - ()     
    ,             
  :      
      ,        
,     
 :    -   ()    ()  
    ,            
 ,  
                 
     
    
 7
(7)                , 

   
  :              
     - 
 215
   :       ,     ,
    ,              
 ,     
             
        "           ,
              ,     
             "
370
   
         ,         ,  
                 
    : "  ()        
     ,          ".
371
  
     8
(8)   (),               
 ,        ,         
 
-           ,    
        
  
     9
(9)     (),       ,        
    ,                
  ;
370
   

 

371
   
     
 216
  , 3, 18
 : ,       '
372
 ,      ,     ,   
 ,  ,            
373
 ,    
  ,     10
(10)                  
            ,      
 
             ,      
       
374
  ,   
  ,     11
(11)           ,       ()  ;
                
 , 2, 151 "              
                 
 "     , '   '  ;   
     
   12
(12)        ,     ,    ()  
     ;
372
   - 
373
  - 
374
  - ;  1,8
 217
       : 5, 13           ,
                    
            ,       
  
      13
(13)      (   )      
        ,    ( )   
''      ,        
  :      ,   ,   
     '
375
     
     14
(14)              ,  
 ( ,         )       
  
     15
(15)            ,      
 ,           
9, 33   
 
    16
375

 218
(16)           ,        

  (),             
     
376
 
    17
(17)                       
        ,         
                 
      
  
   18
(18)                     
          
      
    
   19
(19)   (),   -        
-

                  

   ()  -         
    

     20
376
  - 
 219
(20)            ,    

       
  ()  ,          
          ;    ,      
,    ;    ,  ''      
    ,        ,        
        ,        ,  ,
        ,         
   
      21
(21)                ,  
      (-)
         ()   ()    
          ,        ,
                  
                   
      ,        , 8, 21
    
     22
(22)   (),   ,           ,
      
 
    
      23
 220
(23)     (),       ,       

        ,         
   
      24
(24) , , ,     (          )
      ,            

    
     25
(25) , ,    (         )  :
   ,            
 
     ()           
       
     
   26
(26)   ,              

 ,         
                 
        -      
                     
 ,                       
       ,         
     
 221
    27
(27)   (),        ,         ,
    

     ,        
   ,   
  ,     28
(28)          , ,          
            
  , ,          ,  
  ,       ,        
...  
  '  ''   
 9
     
  
 
   
  1
    :
 222
(1)  ,      ,        , 

     
,  -       ''    
" '        ,       
 ,            ,     
             ,  
                 
     ,         ;     
                
' 
377
 3, 41; 6, 8
  
    2
(2)     ;    ;     ;     
 ;  
       
,  :     ,   ,      ,
  
 :      ,        
  ;  , -             
                     
                
      
378
 ,   2, 121
   
377
        ()     
378
   
     -, 6, 118,4
 223
    3
(3)      (),        ,    
  ()      
         ,   ,   
     ,             
           ,    
    ,     ,    ,     
          ,           
                
                 
   ,            

   
    4
(4)                
,      
 7, 121
                
                
      
    
    5
(5)  ( )   ( )     ;     
       ,       ,    
 
 224
  :     ,         
             ,    
               , 
                   
-  ,       '        
                 
 ,         ,         
            ,    
"             
                  
.              
     ,          , 
         ,       -
   ,       ,      
   ,             
()    ,        ,  
()   ,               
    -               
    ,        
    
    6
(6)             ,    
  ( )    
      ,   
 
   ,     ,  -    
          ,     
                , 
              
 225
  ,                
               
   ,       ,    
         ;            
                
                
      
   ' '      
  
    
    7
(7) 
  (),  ()     ( )   
  ,        ()         
    
   8
(8)                ,    
     
 
         ,     
             - 
                  
  5, 6           ()   
          ,         
   -            
       , ,  ,        
                
                  
  
 226
    
   9
(9)      (),       ,      

-  
              ,
      ,             
       ,             
                 
                    
-    .          ,  ,   
   ,       ,          
          ,         
               
   
   10
(10) 
   (),  -            
  - 
          ,      ,  
               
           "         
   ;              ,
          ,       
           ,        
                  ,  
     "     : "        
        -       ?"
379
379
    
,
  10, 129, 6   2,8,9
 227
        :       
    
    11
(11) ()  -      ,     
,   ( )       
   -             
                
             ,    
   ,              , 
       ,        
-                
       : "          ,  
      -    "
380
   
     12
(12)                 ,
    ,           
 :  -;         
    
:   ;         ,      
    - 
                  
  ()    
    
380
    
  
  -3, 29, 21
 228
   13
(13)   (),     ,       ,   
          
  ( )    ( )      
   ,                 
                   
      ,       -      
                  
                   
     
    
     14
(14)     ,         ,   
           
 (13)  ...            
,     
   
    15
( 15)                  
 ,          
            
381
    
               ,    

381
    :           
 ,      ,   
         
 229
      ,       ,     
          
   
  16
(16)    ,    ,       ,    ,    ,  
,       
  -      
382
     
     ,           
 
  ,             
    
    17
(17)      ,  ,         ,  
 ,  ''      ,    
     
     18
(18)    , -   ,  ,  ,    ,   
    ;    ;           : "
       - "
383
   
    19
(19)   ( ) ;               
,   (  )    
    :     
382
     - 
383
     
 230
                
 ,     ;      ,    
384
              
   
             ,     
       "
385
   
  
  -
   20
(20)      ,            ,  
           (  )     
              
    ,    
     21
(21)               ,   
   ;            
  (      )     
                
    ,          ;        
                    
,         , ,          
 ,                  
    ,     ;            
384
   - 
385
   
,    -
 231
,                   
              -    
,        ,             
    
    22
(22)              ,   
(  )   (  )    
386
        ,         

             
387
                -  
                    
               
388
   
.    23
(23)            
  (),   
    .       
                 ,
  
386
   , 2, 45
387
    
388
     : "      ?" "" "   
  ?”   : "       
         

        , ' ,     ?'   , ' 
 ,      ?                 
          " . .  :      (1930), 234
 232
     
   24
(24)                 ,  
  
    
  25
(25)        ,       ,   
    ,    ,     
             
                  
        ,             -
                 
            ,     
              
   
       
   26
(26)      ,
,            
      
     ,          ,    
              
      ,   ,
,         
 ,    
    
  
  27
 233
(27) 
 , 
 , 
    
    
  , 
  (),         
                
                  
       ,        ,   
-       ,           
       ,      
"   ;    (  ) ;     ()   ;
   ;         ,     ;   
          ,  
   ,     
 "
389
  
 ,        ,    
 ;   
    
390
  
   28
(28)         ,        
              
                
                     

    
        29
(29)             ,      
389
 ,  ,  ;  ,
  ,  
: , ,   ,
    
390
   :        
  
 234
   ,         
                 
                 
               
   
     30
(30)               ,    
 ,      
"               "
    : "        ,       ;
           ,      "
391
   
              ,  
: "                
            "
392
     
             ,     ,
                     
,                  
                
                : "  
  ;   ;             
               ?    "
 : "    ,      -       
;        ,      ;    
       ;              
       ,           
391
      

    
392
   
    
 235
          "
393
      
    : " ,     
               
 
                 
                  
 ,               
    ,                 
                  
    ,           
     ,       ,   
                - 
     ,             
       : "      ,   
      "
394
    ,      
    
     31
(31)               
 
(),               
395
  -       ,        
"      : "           '  '
'      ,         ;    
"
396
393
   :  : 1, . 92
394
    :
    
    
395
 
 
396
   
   
 236
      
 32
(32)   (),       ,   
   ,  ,  
 ,         
   ,            
                  
            ,     
  -            
397
                
   ,      
398
    
     33
( 33)                 
    
  ,    ,            
     ,             , 
           ,       
397
         ,  -      
                 
          . "      ,    
           "    (1689-1755)    
   :          ,     ,  
  
 ,     ,           - "
398
                  
                     
        ,   
      ,  
     ,      
      
           
  -  
 237
   :            
          ,         
 -          
     
          (    ) 
                
 '  ' (1930),  821         
,     
399
   ,      
 : "      ,      "   ,
       (),     ,   
   ,   ,   ,    
   ,   ,           ,  
                 
                
          ;       , 
     ;             
                ,  
                
            ,     
                 
            , 
400
, 
         
    
   34
(34)      ;   ;   ;      -
          
    ,    -        
 ,  ,   ,             
         ,       
                
399
  13, 8
400
7.29
 238
      ,            
  ,         
   
  '    '   
  ...
 10
 239
  ;    -
  
    
 
    
    1
    :
(1)     (),              
  ,  (  )   
          '    '
    
    2
(2)             ;     
   
 :   ;  - 
                
,                    
              
   
    3
(3)   ,          ,    
-         
                  () 
 ,           
 240
    
     4
(4) , ,     ,  (), ,   ,  ,

  (  ),   ,
 : ,     
 : ,     
    
      5
(5) , , , , ,   ,       ,

    
 :  ;      - ,   , 
    -          
401
 
                    ,
      

 
   
       6
(6)                   ,  
      
   ,             
          ,       
401
 - 
 241
      
     7
(7)      (  )    ( )  -   , 
        ,    ,    
 : 
402
              
 ,                   
     
403
  
     
      8
(8)      ;    ()      

    
 :     - 
              
        ,          
,      
   
     9
(9)       ;   ()     ; - 
               
  
402
             ,   
       , "   "  - 

403
     - 
 242
   
      10
(10)               ,    
   ,        
 :             ,  
            
 
   11
(11)                 
        
          ,       
                 
                    
,                 ,   
                  
,               

      
 
      
    12
   :
(12)  ,        ,     

,    
 243
   
       13
(13)         ;      ,   ,  
            
, 
    ,          
     ,      ,   ; ,     
                 
 ,        ,           
                  
      (     )     
      ,       
    
     14
(14)   (), 
 ,       ,    
     
   
    15
(15)  ,    ,    ,   ,    ,
    -  
  
 16
(16)       -  ( ) ,     
   (   )  
 : -;    ,        
      ,         
    ,          ,  -
 244
     ''     ,      ,  
    
    
   17
(17)  , ,          ?  ,  
-      
                  ,
                     
  ,        
   
     18
(18)   (),         ;   
-       
 :        
     ,   ()     
               
  ()    ( ),  ()
     ,       ,     
    "             
       ,       
                  
    -         
                


    
 245

    19
    :
(19) 
   (),          -   ,
           (   ,    
)
  
    20
(20)   (),            (  )
 ,   
      ,   ,   ,
       
  
   20
(21)     ;   ( )    ;     ;

  
        ,        
              ,  
                 
 ,               
  
    -   
   
    22
(22)     ;     :         
 246
    -         
404
   
    21
(23)     () ;     
 ;     ,  - 
 
     
    24
(24)   (),      ; (  )    
;
   
  
    25
(25)     ;  ()     '' ;     (
)   ()    
   
     26
(26)           ;        


   -   
  
    27
404
   -
 247
(27)     ,     ;      ( 
)
    
   
    28
(28)     ;     ;          

 
   
    29
(29)     () ;     ; ()   ( )   ;
         
   
    30
(30)     ;       ;         
  ()
   
    31
(31)       ;            

  
    32
(32)  ,       ( ) ,    ,   
 ; -     
 248
  :          
              
                 
               ,      
   ,    *       
    : "
   ,      ,
      ,           "
, 2, 144 
  
    33
(33)    ''        ;       

,      
 :    :    , 5, 381
  
   34
(34)                 ;  

, , , , ,    ()
    
 
 35
(35)    ()     ;          
 
 (
  , )
  
  36
 249
(36)     () ;     ;   ,      

   
    37
(37)     ;     () ,        
 
   
     38
(38)      (  )  ;       ,   
;          
   
     39
(39)  ,     
 ,   ;        , 
   
405
    
     40
(40)      (),        
  ,
        
  
    41
(41)     ,      ,          

405
     :        

 250
        ,       
           ,    
                
               
    
    42
(42)   ,        ?       -
      
 :                  
        ()       
   
406
            
 
...   
  ''   
 11
406
   : '       3,90,10       
      ,              ,
6, 12, 3   , 7,441,6     ,  ''   '
  ,   :        
 ;           
 251
   
    ()     
 
  
     1
   :
(1)             ,    
  
 ,            -    
           - ,   
     
    2
(2)   (),              

      -

  
    3
(3)  ,      ,     ,   ,     
  
   ,         ,      
 ,       ,          ,
   '       ',  10, 8    
    
     
 252
     4
(4)  ,           ,    (),
     
   

     
   5
    :
(5)   (),  -,    ,       
           ,     
        6, 131         - 
    . ,            
        
  -       ,    
                
407
',
            ,       
407
 , 9, 2-81   (1098-1180) ()       ,     
'    ;          ,        
"       ,            
 ,       ,        ,      
         ,              
            ,          
  
               ,    
       ,       ...     ,    ,
              ,         
 ,        "     '     
 ' (1917)   ; . 33
 253
     ',             - 
   
 
   6
(6)   (),  ,  ,  ,         
   ,       
   
   7
(7)   (),     ,     
 
,       
                   
,          (,   )   
   
       8
(8)     ()    ;      

 
               
         ,      
408
408
    :
    ;     ;     ;        
   
   
     :
      
  
       : "     "
 254
       ;        
      ,          -   
                ,  
      -           
                
      ,          
  
      
     
 
   
    9
   :
(9) ,       ()        
  
     ,             
 
 
  10
(10)        ,        
          
                  
 ,           
     : ",    ,    "     
,  33, 18; , 4;   , 1" , ;      
               
   ( 9, 1 - 5 )
 255
 :             
          -    
   ( 10, 90)   :  2, 1, 41
 
   11
(11)            ()    
               
  
      12
(12)         -  ,        
  
  
   13
(13)   ()                 
  
                 
   ,                
      -          
           
     
   
    14
(14)   ()             , 
       :
 256
   ,  ,        
 
  ,  
     15
   :
(15)  ,                
                
                 
    ,               -   
  ,       -           
     
409
     
  ,    16
(16)            ;   ;   
  ,     ,  -,    ,     
 
 :  
   ,   
      17
(17)  
,      ,    -     ,
     ( ),          
     
  ,    .
409
.  .     (1934), . 129
 257
 ,     18
(18)   ,             ;
 ()            
 :         ,     

410
 :             
''   ,       
  
  ,    19
(19)    ,    ,     ;    ;
   ;      ,      
         
 ,    
  ,    20
(20)            ,       : 
  ,         ,     

    ,   
 , .    21
(21)              
     
      '' ( )      
               
    
410
    
 258
     
     22
(22) , ,   ,    
,   

, ,     ,            
   , 
 ,    23
(23)  ,       ,  ,    ,  
,  -               
      
             

 ,  
   ,     24
(24)    
 ,     ,     -
                 ,
         
  ,  
   ,    25
(25)   -               
,                   ,
   ,  
 :     
  -       ,     
 
 259
   ,  
  ,   26
(26)            ,   ,    
  - ,
   ,  
 ,   27
(27)         ,  -        

            -   
  ,  
  ,   28
(28)              ,   
            
      
       29
(29)                 , 
            
                  
    ,                  
  ,                
               ,   
             -     
        ,       ,  ,
,                
 -       -,      ,  
                    
 260
 ,                 
   
 ,    30
(30)               , 
                 
       
 ,     31
(31)           ,      
     ,       
     
 

   
   ,    32
    :
(32)        ,             
  -       (   )   
 
        -   ,    
           ,    
              
    
 ,       
,    
      ,          ,  
  ,       
 261
     ,              
 ,                    
                   
                   
      ,  
   ,        
                 
 '  ,    ()      ,
'' ()      ()      ;   
    ,          , 
          
  ,    
  ,    33
(33)                
              (),   -
  
                  
 -         ,      
                    
    ,   -           
                
 : 18,581
 :             
                
                 
  
       -          
    ,             
?                 
,          '  ,  '
'    
                 
 262
,          : "         
         ?"
          ,    -
 ,            
    ,            ,     
,     -             
         
               ,  
                   
                     
           : "      "; ", 
       "*
411
      : "   
              - "   
         ,       
 ,                
,                    
 ,                   
    ,           
                   
   ,   
    ,     24
(34) , , ,        ,       

           
411
4 , 23, 46
 263
  :             
         --  --     , 
       ,     -     
                   
          
 
  ,  
  ,    35
   :
(35)  ()        ()     
              ;
             ,    ,    
           
    
 
   ,  
   ,    36
   :
(36)   (),               , 
             (   )  
  ( )    
     '          
    ,   -       
         ,        
           
  ,  
 264
  ,    37
(37)     ,     ,        ? 
,   ,   ,   ,  ,  
 ;     
, 
 :    ,      
 :         
      
   ,    38
(38)    ;  ;     -    
           ,       

 ,  
  ,     39
(39)  ;  (  ) ;  ;  (  ) ;  
()   , ()      ;  
   -"    "
  ,     
,     40
(40)     ;       ;  -
,     
        ;   ,  -
   , , , ,  ,         ,
    , 2, 2,11 1   7, 251
 265
  ,                  
, -  
   ,      
  ,    41
(41)              ,   
        ' ,  ,  '   ; ''  
  -   ''
 f  
 ,   42
(42)    ,                
 -         ,     ( 
   ),    (),      
              
                : "  
  ,              ,     "
(6, 1,5)
  ,   

,   43
(43)                
 ,        ,         
  !
  ,  
   ,    44
(44)               
    ,       ,    ,  
          
 266
          ,       
 ;   ,                  
                  
   -           
                : " 
     ,           ,  
     "
412
,     : " ,   ;    
  "
413
' '          "   
    ,        ,    "
414
   
          
  ,    
   ,    45
(45)     ,             , 
       ,    ()       , 
  ,   
       , 
   , -
 ,
   ,     ,    ,      
    ,              , 
         ,
      
  -      ,      ,    
   
      
  ,    46
(46)          ,         
    -,       
412
1.1.9
413
37,20
414
 103. 13.    68,5
 267
                 , 

    

  ,   
 ,    47
    :
(47)  ,              ,  ,
,    (  ) ,          

         ;   ,      
                
            ,    
          ,     ,  
,              ;   
                  , 
                 
    
    ,  
 48
(48) 
   (),  -           

,  ,  ,         
     
       
  ,     49
(49)                
 268
       ()   
 
 ,    
 ,    50
   :
(50)  ()              
           
 
     
     51
   :
(51)   (),         -       
     

   
     52
    :
(52)      ,             
   
    
      53
(53)       ,      ,  ,    
     
  11, 48  
   
 269
     54
(54)   ,               

       (),
            ,    
     (),     "
415
      
    "
416
      -    
  
     55
(55)   (),       ,      ,   
 ,     ,       (  ) ,  
 
    : 12, 13        
417
 
                  
               
       -     ,  
,     - ,            
      ,     ,        
                 
      ,        
-                
,             ,    
               , 
415
      
416
      - 
417
 
 270
                 
   ,          ,   
    ,          
       
 ...  
    '   
   ....
 12
        
  
  
 
    
     1
   :
(1)                  
   ,           ?
 271
  ,              
    
  ,           
              ?       
              ,     
           ?        ,
       ?

     
     2
    :
(2)         ,          
,
       
                , 
    
    '
418
  

  3
(3)    , , ,   , , 
(
),  ()   -   ()    ;
  
     4
(4)        ,      ,     
418
   -     : "    
       ,   "
 272
   (    )     
 :               ,  
   
  :              
      ,         ,      
   5, 25,              
  
                 
: "     ,          
   
         
?"
     :
"   
      ;
    
 
      ;
       
,    ;
      "
419

    5
(5)       ,     ,    
       
      ,        ,  
   ''    : "        ,
419
.      (1934), . 129 2
 273
 ,      ,           
 "
420
             
                
 ,               
  : "            , 
                    , 
       "
421
 
     
     6
(6)           ,    ,   

    ;
  
   7
(7)        ,  ,        
     
   ,             , 
             ()      
      ,              :
420
  
    
      : "            
         "
421
   ,
       
   ,
    
 274
"                  
  "
422
        -, ,    -
,   , 
     
     8
(8)                 
 ,    
     
    9
(9)   (),          , 

 (     )     
        ,      
,                
  -      
  
 
 10
(10)          ,        
;
      ()    
             
    ,             
    
422
    11, 20, 7
 275
  ''     , ,
  , ,  
 -       "
423
  
 
 11
(11)       ,     ()    
-            
  :       
          ,       
  ,  ,            
 , -             ,   
   -              
   
 
 12
(12)     (  )     ;     ;  
     ;       
  ''              ,  ''
        ,            
      ''    : "      
             ,     
"
424
,     ,          
                   
    ,              
423
 ''  ''- , , ,      
424
, 
     
- 114,77
 276
                    
       
 
     
    13
(13)        ,         , 
       ,           ;
    
   14
(14)   ,    , -     ,  - ,  

       ;     
        ,   ,   ,  
    
   
    15
(15)                , ' 
   ,              ;   
    
   
     16
(16)       ;   ;  
 ;   ()   
  ;  (   )      ,      
 277
           
, ,  
             ,      

    
    17
(17)     ,   ,   ,      

             ,   
    
   18
(18)        -   ;        
 ;  -  -           ;
      : "     '    
           ''
425
   
      19
(19)         ;     (      )
 
 ,     ;       ; 
        ,   
  :    ,          ,
                   
      ,          ,  
                    
                    
                  
                 
425
 5.45
 278
   : "  
 ,    ; 
 ,     
;        ;      "
426
   
     20
(20)               ,

      
 :             ,  
              ,    
  :       ,     
         ,  ,    , 
               
    ,                 
      ,   ,      ,
            -         
      -    ,      
427
426
   
        -  245. 12
   , 3, 7, 20:
  ,

  ,
  
427
   :
" ,   :
       
 -    
        ,        
,
  ,        
,
         ;
      ,
 279
 ...   
  ''   
 13
  ,   ,    
  
 
     
    1
   :
(1)   (),          ?   ,   
   ?
               
   ,     
 701    700  ,  
               

   
       2
   
    
       
    ;
       
      ;
       
   -   
" - .  .  :   
(1934). . 52
 280
    :
(2) 
  (),           ,   
    (   )  
             ,  
 ; ,             ,   
   -   ,      ,     
,        ,   ()    '
428

    ,     ,        
                  
  
  ,                ( 
 )                 
 ,                    
 '
429
          ()  
           ,         
        ;           
,   ;         ;       
                   
         ,   ,     
              -,
  -  -        ,  
                   
         ,    ,    - -
   ,                  
   ;       ,       , 
          ,        
       ''        ,      
428
     6, 16;    2,5
429
.           2 
    -
 281
                  
       ,      ,   -
                
()     ,         ,  
      -          
                  
      ,      ,      
            ,   
                  
  ()      ,  
  ,     
            
     
    3
(3)   (),               

 
              , 
    -          
430

  ,        ,    , '
       ,          , 
   ,       
     
    4
(4)         ,     ,  -   
        (   )       
  
430
   
     
 282
   
  5
(5)                  
             
                  ,
                 
  
    6
(6)   , ,     ,        
;
    ,   , -      
  -            
,    ,       , -    
     ,             
  ,       ,   
     
  ,     ,          
     
   7
(7)   ,  ,    (),   ,    
    
           ,       
                 -, 
-            - 
   ,
           -     
 283
        -          
  ,                 ;
           ,       
    

 
   8
(8)  (  ),  (-  ), , , ,
 ,  (    ),   
   
 9
(9)     ,   , , ,    

 ;
 
  10
(10) , --            

   ;
  
   11
(11)          ,      
   ;
 
   12
 284
(12)       ,       -  () 
 
;  
  ,  
                  
      "
431
      
  ,   -   ,      ,    
           
  
   13
(13)          ()  ,      
     ,              ()
   (   )
  :  ()     -
  : ,   -
  ,    ,          
       ,          ,   
     
   , 
 
    14
(14)       ;  ,     ;    
 ;         
                  --
-                 
431
      , 2, 22;  32-3
 285
 ,     ,   ()      
 ;                
 ,     ,    ,         
           ,      ;     
   ,    
432
 
    15
(15)                     ;
  ;     ;    (   )    
    
            ;  
 
  -
 ,    ()  ;  -
 , 
   ;  -
 ,        
 , 3, 19:      ;          
 ()   ()    
   
    16
(16)                    
             
   
    17
(17)   ()         -   
       -  ,       
    
432
  : : 
 : :
- 187, 24
 286
   : '   '      ,
             
  
      18
(18)              ;     
   -     
-              
     3, 8  16; , 5;  13, 1,7; 
, 4, 4, 16
  
      
   19
(19)   ,                 
   ,         
       ,         , 
 ,    "      "
  
    
    20
(20)          ()   () ;    
     ()      
    ,       "
433
433
 ,      - 
 287
 ,   ,         ,  
            ,   ,  
              ,     ,
             
 
    21
(21)   ,  ()   ( )        
         
''        ''    :
  1, . 187  
               
       -     
     ()  
  
   22
(22)                

        
   
    23
(23)     ,   ,  ,   ,  

 
 288
        ,        
                   
    '
434
     
   24
(24)       -  ()      ,    
     ,    
  :       ;         
 -
   
  
     25
(25)
        ()   ;
 

 
          
        
   
    26
(26) 
     (    )     

 ;    
  ,          
  
435
             ,
                    
434
  
435
,    - 
 289
  
  27
(27)     (),              
,
        
              
     ,              
,     
    
    28
(28)                 

      ,   
        ,      -  
 
'    ,       '      
     ,         , 
       ,          
  ,          -     ,
     ,         ()
                 
               
                 ,  
       
    
     29
 290
(29)            ,     

     ;      ( )    
   
    30
(30)                     
      ,    
     ()  ,      ,  
              ,       ,
    -   ,  ,        -
 "
436
       ,   
 
      31
(31)                     
       ,           
          ,       
  "         ,      
        " - 

    32
(32)    ,     ,  
  (),  
    ,            
   
   33
436
    
 291
(33)              ,  
          
    
      34
(34)          ,     (),   
()      
   ,        
 
     35
(35)    -               
      ,   ()    
 :      
..  
  '      '   
 14
 292
      
 

    
      1
   :
(1)         ,            
      ()    
   
    2
(2)                    ;
        
         ,      
      ,           
      ,       ()   
                , 
        ,           
                
,                   
         : " ,   ,   
,    ,  "  5, 48           
    ,    
437
437
     ,    - 
    ,      - 
 293
   
     3
(3)   ()   ;        (),    
    
      ,             
                    
     , -,          
  ,             ''   
,   ,    , ,     ,        
              2, 12   
  ,          -       
      ,          ,     
    
     4
(4) 
   (),              , 
        ,    
                
 () ,                
    
     ;         ,

   -       
          ,       
           ( ) 
              
       ()       ()  , 
                 ,  
  ,        ()    
      ;          , 
 294
    -     ,      
                   
,                  
               -  
        - ,       -
 ()  ,              
     ,            
     ,    - ()    () 
 
,    (,   )
    
   5
(5)   (),  (),  ()   (),    
      ()      
                
 '                 
 '-      ,         
            ,      
                
  ()     ()       ()
  ()
438
     ,     ,   
                   
    ,               
   
        -    ;     ,
                 ;   
  ;     -        
438
11  22, 12  22, 13
 295
  ,                  
      -          
                  
439
  -          ,     
   ,               
            ;      
          ()    ,  
 ,            
  
    6
(6)    ()            
,  -           
      
            ,     
    ,       ,        
          ,        
  ,                ,  
  -
   
    7
(7)      ()   ()  ,     
  
   (),   ()      
      ,         
   '  ' - 
439
   ,         : "       
                     
   " (53,45)
 296
   
  8
(8)                ( ) 

  (),  ,    (   )     
     
    9
(9)   (),   -          ,

      
   
      10
(10)   (),              
                  

  -    ,    -      
        --       
 ,     , ,         
  ()    ,           
   - (), - (), - ( )  -
()                 
        ;        
        ,     ,   
              - 
                
            
 297
  
     11
(11)          
  ,       
-  
  :              
                
        ,       
        
            ,  -  
   
    12
(12)     (),     ,  , ,   , 
         ;
               
    
  
 13
(13) 
 (),     ,    , ,  
 ,     
  -   ,           ,
,   ,       
     
   14
(14)           ,     ,   
()        
 298
   ,            
    
    15
(15)    ,               
 ;      ,     ,      
    
     16
(16)  ()         ;       
      
     
   17
(17) -     ,          , 

  
       

    18
(18)   -    ,              
                 
       ;         
                  
  ,          ,       
 299
      ,            
              ()  
 ()          ,      
  ;   
    
     19
(19)    ()               
       ,        
"         " - 
  
 20
(20)                ,   ,
,               
 :            "
440
   ,
     " -      ,     
                  
 ,                  
                
441
  ,  
 
  
   21
440

441
        ,             
          -          
          
 300
   :
(21)  ,         ,     ( ?  -
  ?           ?
 ,            ,   
 ?   
 ,  -    (2, 25  )     , ( 12, 13 
)         -  ,         
 

   
    22
    :
(22)   (),   ,           
   ,      ;
  
     23
(23)   (  )         ,  
 ,       ,      ;
      ,        , 
        
  
  24
(24)       ,        ,    ,

     ,       -  ,  
           ;
 
 301
   25
(25)                -    
     ,         
   
  26
(26)        ,            

    ,      
   
   27
(27) ()      ,        
               
                    -
                  
        :          , "  
   ,       ,      "
                   
             -  ,  
    
 ...   
  '     '   
 302
 15
 


 
      1
    :
(1)     (  )     ,        
        ;        ,    
 303
    : " -,           
,  "
442
 -            ,  
        ,        
 ,         '' ;        ,  
 '  '         ,     
               ,  
  ,           
443
    
 ,   2
(2)       ,        
          ,     
                 ,  
          
 ,   
 -    3
(3)         ;  ,   
         (  )    
  ;
  ,    
   ,     4
442
5, 1     1, 24, 7  -    1, 10    
                "      
  ,        "    : "      
    ,       :          
             ,          
      ,    ,          ,  
 " , 90 
443
 47.12 - 15
 304
(4)     "       ,       
,"      ,        
 -  -             
  
   
 -    5
(5)          ,       , 

    ,         ,       
            ,     ()    
    
   
     6
(6)      ,        ,   
   
 ;  5, 15;  2, 2-10
          ,      
  
    
   
   7
(7)                   
 ,      ,     
 305
 :                
         ,         ,
 -          ,    ,   
    ,   ,  ,    
  ,   -           
                   
     ,    ()      ,
 
444
               
               ,     
                 
                   
    
 :         :      
             
445
   
()        ,        
 ,  
                 
           ()       ,   
                 
     ,            ,   
                
   ,                
     ,    ,    ,     
 :    -         -

  
444
 , 12, 8
445
     
 306
   8
(8)             ,    (  ) 
   ,          
       ,      
     
   9
(9)  , ,   ,          
     
 
    10
(10)                   , 
  (  )         ( 
  ),    
  
   11
(11)            ,   
         
  
     12
(12)     ,                 ,
    
  
    13
 307
(13)        -       ;   

 ()    - ( )   
    
   14
(14)                  
           
 :   
      
     15
(15)       ,           
  ,                 
 
446
 : , ,   
     
  
  16
(16)       -     ;     (  ) 
  (
) 
447
  
    17
( 17)        ,      ,     
          - 
446
   ,         :    
447
 ,  :   

 308
       ;     ,   ,
               
   ,    
       
          ,       ,  
     ;              
                 
   ;            , ,  
 ,         "
448
  :           -
    ,      ,           
         ,      ()
   ()    
   ()          
 ()   -             ,
,          
 ''             ,     
   ();            ,        
                 ;    
  , ,    ,      ,
1, 10
 
     18
(18)    ()        ,         
  
   , 2, 1, 1-2    
448
,  ,   ,    
 309
   
    19
(19)           ,    -

    (),      (   )  
      
   
   20
(20)     (),          
(),       ()         
 
...   
  ' '   
 310
 16
     
   

 
     1
    :
(1) ,   ,      , , -  ,

 ,   ;
    ,   ,   () ,     ,
                
                
  ,   ,      ,   ,      ,
                  
         
   ,       
,       
,            
 311
 ,  
        ,     
  1, 2, 1
  
    2
(2) , , , , ,      ,   ,
, ,    ();
    
    3
(3) , , , , ,   ,   (),   

,      
-               
       
          ,       
         ,   ,      
                  
       : "
       "
449
   
   
    4
(4) , ,  , ,   ,   (),    
 ,       
 - 
449
   
 312
   
     5
(5)   ()              
 (),   ,  (   )    
              ,    
''          ()  ,     
               
 
      
      6
(6)                 
          (),      
  
   1, 3, 1
   
      7
(7)       ()        ()   
    ,       
  
  8
(8)        ;     ;    () 
;        ;  ,      
 :   ,        
 313
 :              
         ,  
   
                  
  ;                  
            
"      -       " -

  
   9
(9)       ,  
    
        
  
  10
(10)         ,      
             
   ,       ()     
450
 
   11
(11)   ,         ,     
          ,  -
;
         ,    ,  
    

450
  
 314
 
  12
(12)                  
     --        
451
    
    13
(13)       ;               (
)   
    
    14
(14)                  ;   
 ,   ,    
-      ,   
                
               ,   
                , ,
,         
  
    15
(15) '   
       ?    ;   ; 
  ;'           
 
451
   
'  

 315
     16
(16)     ,             
    
  
   17
(17)    , ,           ,     
 ,           
     
  18
(18) ,                  
          
          "-
 
 
  19
(19) 
,    ,       ,     ,   
           
    
     20
(20)       -       ,  

 (),         
                , 
                    
           ,     
 316
          ,        , 
     4,361
   
   
  21
(21)              ,  ,     
        
  
     22
(22) 
   (),           
 5/6  
   ,             ( )
   
      
   
    23
(23)                  , 
  ()   ,         
   
    23
(24)         ,        
                
 : 
452
452
  :
 ,  
 317
                 
    ,              
 ,              
       ,        
     ,             
           (18, 59) ,    (16, 24)
   
 (18,64, 11, 33)    () 
...   
  '       '   
   
 318
 17
      
   
 
   
      1
   :
(1)  ,              , 
   ?          ?
  -       ,       

                

 
    ,            
 
                
  -        ,      , 
 

     
 319
      2
    :
(2)        ,      
  
    
   
   3
(3)   (),            
;
    ,    
   
    ,        
   , , , , ,       
 : , 
                 
           
           ,   ,  
  ,               
                ,    
 
             
   
                ,  
 -      
453
'         
      
454

 ,         
453
      
    
454
  8, 17
 320
          : "      
  -  ,         "    : " 
      "
455
    
    4
(4)       ;          
   ()     
   ,    -  -   
     
  5
(5)       -   (   )   
      ,       
  
   5
(6)                   
             ,

       
,       
 -                 
   ,           -  
                
 : "      ,  -      , 
,    ,    "
456
    
     ,   14   
   
455
, 904 
456

 321
    
    7
(7)  ,     ,       ,     
      
 
     8
(8)   , , , ,      ,  ,  
,     ,       

   9
(9)   , , ,  , ,        , 
,      ,       
    
    10
(10)     ,  ,   ,  ,     ,   
          ,      

457
   
  
457
 , 7, 26, 2             
  ,           :
 ,
     
    ,
  ,  
 322
    11
(11)         ,         
 ,       ,    
                 ,
                 
                , 
    ,   ,         
         -        
  
 :             ,  
                     
      ;           ;    
            
   
      12
(12)      (),              ,
    
 
    13
(13)       ,      ,      
  (  )   ,     ,     
             ,   
 
   
 
 323
    14
(14)  ,  ,      , , ,  
,
    
    
     15
(15)   ,    ,   ,   ,      
       
  : "             
"
458
  
  16
(16)   , , ,      -    
    
   17
(17)                 ,

   ,     
458
      -, , 63, 17 6.
         ,
        :
     ,    ,
 ,      
- ' ' (  , , . . ,  1, . 35)
 324
    
     18
(18)   ,                , 
   ,     
   
   18
(19)       -           
 ,             
   
  
      20
(20)     ,       ,        
   ,     ,          ,
     
                  
,           ,  
    
     21
(21)                    
       ,    
  
  22
(22)                  
   ,     
 325
  '  '
   
     23
(23) '  '              
,
         3, 10
''     ; ''    ',     
     , " ””  (  )    
( 
459
)                  
 - ,      ( )       
     7, 8  8, 13
  
    24
(24)         ,      ''  
    
   
  25
(25) ''                 
         
  
      26
(26) ''           ;    (), ''
         
     
459
2,6
 326
    27
(27) ,          ''         
     '' 
     
     28
(28)        ,     ,         
 ,   (),  ''  ;          
 
...   
  '       '   
 18
 327

   ,        
 
   
    1
   :
(1)   (),            ,  
(),   () ! (  )
      ,            
      ''           '' 
                    
 ,     '
460
                   
    ,                
   ,           ,      ,
        ()        ,  

    
   2
    :
(2)   ''          ;     
    ''  
           ,    
      ,          '   ;  - 
460
  ,     10, 10, 3
 328
       '         ,   
           
               ,   
                 
  -     
   
   3
(3)
      '      ,'    

   ',          '
    
     4
(4)     (),         ;    
(),
     
    (1)   , (2)           
     (3)           ,  
   -      
   
     4
(5) ,          ,      . 
,           
   ,        ,       ,
     ,   
461
    
461
  :    
 329
     
     6
(6)                  
()      
                 
                 ;  
         
    ,      ,         ,
   ( ),         ,
 , 4, 4, 22 "   ,        
    ,       "
   
   7
(7)      ( )           
      
  
      8
(8)                ,   

  ,              
   
  9
(9)                 
       ,     
    ,        
 330

 
 
    10
(10)    ,    ,         
 ,               
    
   11
(11)                  
  ,   
    
    12
(12)     ,         -,   
(-) -        ,     
          ,  - 
            িনালায় তার নজ চাচা রসক
     
    
 13
(13)   (),              
,    -    
      - 
''   '   ',     ;    ,  
   
    
 331
     14
(14)       ,    ,      
;
''    ,       
 :         -  
  ,              
   ;        
         -        
,  
-  ,         ,   
-                 
  
 :  :       
 :  :       ,        
         ,      
     ,       ;  , ,  
                 
                    
        ,        ,   
              ,
    ,       ,        
         
               
                
,             
462
  
        15
462
  :      - 
 332
(15)   ,             ,   
   
    
   16
(16)              -  
  ,       
                   , 
       
      , "         
    ,             ,
        ,       ,    
      ,            
     -  ;         
    
    17
(17)       ,     ,      

     (   )    
                 
                ,  
        ,     ,     
"      ,      " - "
463
   
                  
-  ,              
463
   ...    
 333
                  

  
    
     18
(18) ,       ,           ,
  ,        
 13, 20
''    ,       
       -  
    
  
 19
(19)     ,               
    -
 -       
   ,   
     
   
  
 20
(20)                ,   

    ,      
 334
  
      21
(21)               

,      
   
  22
(22)         -
         
          ,      
   
  
   23
(23)  ,    ,          -  
,          ,   
     
   24
(24)                 
      ,     
 :    
  ,    
           
      ,             
     ,       ,      
        ,             
                ,  
        ,    - 
 335

 ,       ,      
           ,        
()         
   
   25
(25)                  
    ,    
               ; 
       
   
 
  26
(26)      ,     ,         
      ,      
  
    27
(27)    ()    ,           , 
  ,     ,    ,      
   ,     
   
     28
(28)   , , , , , ,       
 ,   
 336
 : '   
    '     -

  
   29
(29)      (),        (    
)     ,       
   
        30
(30)        ;          
;
                 
          ;   (),    
    
     31
(31)         ,         
  ,   (),    
    
     32
(32)                  
   (  )  ,   (),    
  
   
   33
(33)   ,     ,  (   )   
 337
     ,   (),      
 :   ,     -   .  ,  
       :          
        
  
      34
(34)       ,        

    ,   (),     
      
     35
(35)        , , ,      ,  
(),     
  
    
    36
(36)     (),             
               ;
  
   37
(37)                 ,   
         ,     

     38
 338
(38)                - 
     ,    
   
  39
(39)    ,         ,  ,    
  ,      
             ,  
    ,           ,   
 ,              ,   
 ,      -       
  ,        ,      ,  
          ,          
              ,      
       ,   ,    
          
      
   40
(40)              ,      
  
  
   41
(41)      (), , ,        
    -    
                 
   -          

 339
 ,             () 
  
      -  ,      () 
  ,                 
                 
  ;            
               , 
     - (),         
                 
,       ,    ,   ;   
()    ,             ,
    ,       ,   ,  ,  
-  -   -         
  ,               ,   
             ,    
  ,                 

 ,      ;         ,  
                 ,
     ,    ,        
   ,              -
                   
    -            ()   
                 ,   
     
                   
        ,       , 
  
      
    
    42
 340
(42) , , , , , , ,    
, 
   
  -  ,           
, , 393 : "-       
       
    ,            
                 
                  
    
    43
(43) , , , -,    ,      

 
         ,  '    , 
            
  
    44
(44) ,   ,           
 
                 
  ,     -     ,       
    ,    -         
             ,    
                    
               -    
           ,      
    ,       ,        
 341
                  
,         ,        -
             
       ,    ,      
      ,           
              "
464
     
    
45
(45) -       ()      

        
    : -          
           ;      
                 
  
    
464
      '  ' (1942)    ' '     
  : "     -               
         - () , -         
  ;             ;    
,   -              
    ,               
        ,     ,      
,  - ,  ,            
      (),     ,    
 -           ,          
  ,   , ,    ,  ,    
         ,          ,  
     " (. 133-37)          "  -
,  -         ,     , 
   ,    " (. 145)
 342
     46
(46)              ,   

        ()    
    ,      
               
             - 
                   ,
        ,         ,  
                    18, 48 
60
  
 
  47
(47)   ()         ,       , 
        ,        
          
 3, 35        ,        ,  
       (-)      ,  -
        ,      
    ,            
                 
,       ,   -      ,   
                 
,  
    ,      
    
    48
(48) 
  (),           ,  
 343
   ;        ,        
    ()
   
   49
(49)       ,           

    -         ,      
 
                
   ,    ,        
          ,       
            
 :                  
        ,          
        ,      
 ,   ,      ,       
    
               ,  
()         
  
      
      50
(50) 
  (),              
.      ,      
    : "  
,   , 
 
        ,      - 
 344
    , ,    ,       , 
   "
465
            
,              ,      
                ,   
   9, 21
    
   51
(51)     , -     ,    
        ;
  
    52
(52)     ,    , ,       
             ;
       ,    '      
    ' - 
     
     53
(53)  , , , ,     ,      
       548      
          : "      , 
                   
        ,     ;       
     ,   ;           
                 ,    
465
,  , , ,
, , ,  
 345
        ,      ;  
    
                ,  
                (   )  
        :    ,  , (1902), .
425
 
   
      54
(54)                 
               
                    
     ,        ,     
   

      55
(55)                 ;  - 

       
   , ,         
            -    ,    
    
       
 
 
   56
(56)                  
 346
  
             ,    -
                      
      ()          ,
 
   ,         
    
    57
(57)                 
       
",                
        
  
    58
(58)               ;  
     ,    
                 
        ,        
           
   
    59
(59)          '  '       
 
'        ()   ;  
                      
                     
 347
      ,           
                 
           ,       
                
                   ,
                  
        ,          
                
                
,   -      ,       
                 
                    
        : " , ,   "
    
 60
(60) 
  (),    ()    ,    
         
               
   
   62
(61)  ,                  
      
           
  ,                 
  ,      ,         , ,
   -  ,    '', ''  '  
 348

466
'        ,        ,
              "   -    
 -         "
467
              
                 
  ,                 -
 ,               
   
  ,        --       
  ,                
   ,             
              ,      
  
    
  62
(62)   (),               
     
 :              
             ,    
    
                  
       -          
466
     ,
       ,
-        ,
 ,   - ,       
467
     
    
 349
   ,            , 
       
    
  
63
(63)       ,          
      ,  
  :            
468
, 
     
  
:    ,         
 ,                
                     
,   
          ,  
   ;     ,   ;      , 
                  
                 
             ,   
 ,                ,    
         ,       
      ()      
      -       - 
             ,   -  
           "     
     ;             
 ...             ,     
 "
469
                
468
 , , 12, 141, 102       
 
469
            (1929),
 1, . 23,  8
 350
             ,   
 ,     -        .    
   ,        ,     
                  
,          
      , -      
            ,      
           ,         
                 
   ,             
 ,         ,         
         
   ;              
       ,         ,    
                 
  -        ,       
              
              
                
      ;          
            
 
    
       64
(64)      ,         ,  
        
     
      65
 351
(65)     ;   ;    ;      
          ,   
        (34)    ,     
   
, ,              
  ,          -  
          :
" ,  -      ,  ,     "
          ,      
                    ,  
                    
 ,              ,  
      
    :
"      ?   ,  ,   "
             -   
    ,        ,        
            ,     
 ,                 
    
      66
(66)            ;     () 
  
               
               -  
              ,     
 352
                 
,      
          -   
        ,        
                 
         ( )        
      , ,         -
      ,            
          -      
"           ,       ,   
       " - 
        ,       
       - -         
                
      ,            
              ,   
                    
   ,             
      
         
                 
 ,
        ,              
   ,      ,    -   
  
 ,             
              ,     
 : "             ,    
     ,    "
470
               
470
    
      
 353
      
    
    67
(67)       ,      ,    
,    ,      
          ,   ,     
    ;  ,  ,         
   
     68
(68)                 , 
   
     ,             
 
471
  
     69
(69)             ;      
     
  ,                 
  ,      
471
   
  :
    
    
         ;    
     
 
 354
   
     70
(70)          ,      

    
   
   71
(71)             ,     

    
   
   72
(72)   (),       ?   (),    
   ()   ?

 
   
     73
   :
(73)   (),      ()           
                 
 355
          ,    , 
  
472
               
                   
                   
 ,               
            ,     
     ,            
                   
    ,              
     -  , "  ,       
 ,     "
473
   : "      ,  
    ,         ,   
      -     , 
  ,
            '     ',   
                   
 ,      '   ' - '  '-  
     -    ()       , 
  
474
           ,     ,
  (),   -   
 
   
  74
   :
(74)          ()      
 ,       

 
   75
472
  - 
473
      
474
 14, 32-41 " ()      ,    " -  14,31
 356
(75)                 

 
                 
  ,            
  
    76
(76) ,   ()            
    
    
       77
(77)  -   ()         ,   

 ;  -   
  : -           
     ,          
--     ,              
     
    78
(78)         () ,      (), ,
   ()    
             -   
     ,    ,         
      ()   ()          
              -     
 357
'    '     - ,     ,  
      ,           
      - -       
,         
475
   
         -   ,    
    ,              
  -     ,       
... ' 
 - 
  '  '   
  
475
  : "        ,   ()   () 
 -  "
 358
  
 . .  :  , 1882
  :   , 1885
.   :  , 1901
. .  :  , 1905
    : , 1905
  :   , 1928
.  .  :  , 1928
  :  , , 1935
. .  :  , 1937
  :  , 1944
     :  , 1945
  :    , 1946
 359

, 192 
, 427
, 236 .
 , 93 .
 , 402 .
, 118
-, 40 .
, 192
,   
, 180 ., 385 .
-, 24 .
, , 24
, 255
 , 157  , 80 ., 344
, 211 .
, 197
-, 193 , , 80; .  ', 184
  .
;    ', 200 .
, 20 ., 40 ., 93 ., 161, 173 ., 228, 287, 305 ., 365, 270, 3723 
'', 24 .
  , 145
 360
 , 427
, 213 .;  '', 132 .
, 129 .
, 319 ., 335, 371 .
, 26 ., 51 ., 86 ., 93 ., 144, 360
 ( ), 25 ., 38 ., 44 ., 45 ., 46 ., 169, 185, 301, 318, 336, 340, 392, 440
, 91
, 192
,   
, 26 ., 28 ., 31, 32, 35 ., 38, 120, 165   ., 187, 287, 291,
315 ., 336, 388
, 44 .
,  ;  ' , 92 ., 170 ., 433
, 319 .
-, 26 .
 , 27 ., 45 .
, 27 ., 248
 , , 87 .
  , 81, 189
.
 ,  '  ', 191 .
, , 14 .
 , 255, 336
, 231
 ,  ' ', 332
 , 379 .
  , 300
 27 ., 28 ., 51 ., 107 ., 132, 133, 137, 142, 180, 214, 275, 358 ., 379, 381
, 311
 361
,  '
', 152 .,  '', 274 .
, . .,  , 18
 , 299 .
 282
 , 23
, 81
, 92 .
, 318
 , 38
 , 35  , 14 .
 , 298 .
, 17
, .  ., 12, 24;  '  ', 344 ., 351 .
 , 146
, 155, 398
 ,  '  ', 422 .
, 92 .  , 25 ., 135 ., 185, 189, 264, 291, 300 ., 399
 ,  '       ', 318 .
, 300 ., 
'', 76 .
 , 433
 , 35, 217, 235, 257, 272, 334, 388, 400 .
, 93
, 226 .
  '  ', 71 .
, 18
 , 92 .
  , 318
 362
  , , 26 ., 345 .    , , 226 .,
   , 39 ., 84 ., 92 ., 185, 440
.
 ,  '  ', 300
 , 65 .
, 330
 , 236
 , 236 ., 431
, 92 ., 119 .
, , 27 ., 360
, 57
, , 24
, 267, 297, 344
, 298, 251
 , 189 .
 , 32
 , 27, 32 ., 53, 379 ., 404
 , 287 .
 , 166 .  (), 30 .
, 120
, 156, 225, 421
 , 40 .
 , 51 .
, 77 .
, . .;  '
    ',
293 .
, 36
 363
 , 23
, 157
,   
, . .  ' ', 402 .
, 91 .
, 216 .
, 53 .
, 135 .
  , 37
  , 70, 76, 152, 235, 245, 275
, 32 .
, 234
, 35
, 128
, 315 .051
, 81
 , 25 .
, , 81, 330
, 235, 272
, 83
, 49 .
 234, 242; 255, 258, 308, 313, 369, 442,  "', 313,  '' 107 ., 398,
 '', 232,  ' ', 149
., 157 ., 204 .,  '', 379 .
. 26 ., 27 ., 68 ., 126 ., 204 ., 234, 242
, 242

,  '      ', 18 .
 , 199 .
  , , 430
, 298 .
 ,  , 361
 364
, 355
, . ., 18
 , 230
   , 442
, 67, 168
 , 31 ., 280 .;  ' ', 29 .
, 433
 , 297
  25, 26 .,
27 ., 131 ., 360, 390, 408
, 192 .
, 391
, 19, 50 ., 255 ., 355 ,  '    ', 427
, 193 .
, 83 .
 , 37, 75, 86, 211
, 29, 36 ., 43, 44 ., 77 ., 84 ., 86 ., 186 ., 188, 219 ., 222, 225 ., 288,
346, 398
, 76
, 298 .
   , 39 ., 318 ., 440 .
, 118
, 107 ., 183
, 27 ., 29 ., 144, 255 ., 334, 358 ., 360, 381,387
  , 27 .
  '    ', 267 .
, 36
 , 192 ., 315 ., 353 .
.   '', 95 .
  70-71, 249 .
, 83 .
 365
,    , 103 ., 165, 179 ., 225, 236 .
  , 199 .
,   
 -, 189
 , 13 .
, 76 .
, 183
 , 271, 404
,   
 , 248 .
   ,
231, 349
, 134, 319 .
, 299 .
 , 46 .
 , 189 .
, 336
 , 90 .,
235 . , 
'', 36 ., 
'', 21, 181
, 242 .
, 167 ., 282 .
,  '- ', 24, 24 .
 
, 435
, 436
 , , 135 .
 , 50 .
, 293 .
,   
, 300 .
 366
  '  ', 231 .
, 319 .
, 29 .
, 236 .
, 226 .
, 25
 ,  '      ', 218
, ., 46 .
   , 39 ., 233 .
   '  ', 151 .
, 140 .
, 187
, 161 ., 179 .
, 128 ., 442 
  , 319 .
, 221 .
, 100 ..
, 84 ., 86 ., 186 ., 313, 350 .
, 129
, 198
--, 33 .
 , 16 .
, 248 .
, 141 .
, 226 .
,   
, 382
--, 29 .
, 52 ., 76,
77.0
 , 34 .
 367
,   
, . .,  ' 
   ', 19
.
 , 18, 27 
 , 52 ., 141 ., 214, 274, 353 ., 360, 389
, 127 , 44 .
, 13 ., 185, 319 .
, 90
, 318
, 31
, 336 .
   , 135 .
,  , 301
, 401
    , 221 .
, 106, 134 ., 232, 242, 369, 415
,  '    ', 25 , 348
, 46 ., 179 .
, 36 .
, 101, 135, 411 .  , 13 .
, , 318 .
, 36
  ' ', 40 .
 , 216 .
 , 364
, . , 13 .
,  '  ', 17, 18 .
, 18
 368
"           ,        
       ''
. 
              
   .          -   
     ,             , 
               
 369
                    
         